{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T10:22:51Z","timestamp":1785406971477,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":114,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"17","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,8]],"date-time":"2025-09-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1757289600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Materials"],"abstract":"<jats:p>It is known that approximately 8% of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions originate from cement production. Consequently, there is ongoing rapid research into environmentally friendly and alternative materials that could substitute for cement. Olivine [(Mg, Fe)2SiO4] is an abundant mineral in the Earth\u2019s crust that facilitates CO2 sequestration due to its high solubility. This study investigates the effects of hydration mechanisms in olivine-substituted cement mortars on their compressive strength, microstructural characteristics, and physical properties. For this purpose, standard cement mortars were produced using CEM IV 32.5 N-type cement with olivine substitution rates of 0%, 10%, and 20%. The compressive strength of the specimens was initially determined at 7, 28, and 90 days. Subsequently, the hydration mechanisms at 7, 28, and 90 days were characterized using X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), Differential Thermal Analysis\/Thermogravimetric Analysis (DTA\/TG), and Scanning Electron Microscopy-Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (SEM-EDS). The results demonstrated that the 10% substitution rate complies with the BS EN 196-1 standard, and olivine can be substituted for CEM IV type cement up to 10% without requiring calcination.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ma18174212","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,8]],"date-time":"2025-09-08T11:51:12Z","timestamp":1757332272000},"page":"4212","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Assessment of Time-Dependent Hydration Products in Olivine-Substituted Cement Mortars"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5418-7742","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yusuf Tahir","family":"Altunc\u0131","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Construction, Vocational School of Technical Sciences, Isparta University of Applied Science, Isparta 32260, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1407-7637","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cenk","family":"\u00d6cal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Technology, Isparta University of Applied Science, Isparta 32260, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cemconres.2018.03.015","article-title":"Eco-efficient cements: Potential economically viable solutions for a low-CO2 cement-based materials industry","volume":"114","author":"Scrivener","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cem. 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