{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T13:26:16Z","timestamp":1789133176243,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":87,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"19","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,27]],"date-time":"2025-09-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1758931200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100009687","name":"Wroclaw Medical University","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100009687","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.mdpi.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Materials"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Objective: Yttria-stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystal (Y-TZP), a variant of zirconia (ZrO2), has attracted interest as a substitute for titanium in dental and orthopedic implants, valued for its biocompatibility and aesthetics that resemble natural teeth. However, its bioinert surface limits osseointegration, making surface modifications such as calcium phosphate (CaP) coatings highly relevant. Materials and methods: The review process adhered to the PRISMA guidelines. Electronic searches of PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, and Cochrane Library (July 2025) identified studies evaluating CaP-coated zirconia implants. Eligible studies included in vitro, in vivo, and preclinical investigations with a control group. Data on coating type, deposition method, and biological outcomes were extracted and analyzed. Results: A total of 27 studies were analyzed, featuring different calcium phosphate (CaP) coatings including \u03b2-tricalcium phosphate (\u03b2-TCP), hydroxyapatite (HA), octacalcium phosphate (OCP), and various composites. These coatings were applied using diverse techniques such as RF magnetron sputtering, sol\u2013gel processing, biomimetic methods, and laser-based approaches. In multiple investigations, calcium phosphate coatings enhanced osteoblast attachment, proliferation, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) expression, and bone-to-implant contact (BIC) relative to unmodified zirconia surfaces. Multifunctional coatings incorporating growth factors, antibiotics, or nanoparticles showed additional benefits. Conclusion: CaP coatings enhance the bioactivity of zirconia implants and represent a promising strategy to overcome their inertness. Further standardized approaches and long-term studies are essential to verify their translational relevance.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ma18194501","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,29]],"date-time":"2025-09-29T12:59:46Z","timestamp":1759150786000},"page":"4501","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Enhancing Osseointegration of Zirconia Implants Using Calcium Phosphate Coatings: A Systematic Review"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3801-0218","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jacek","family":"Matys","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Dental Surgery Department, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-425 Wroclaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ryszard","family":"Rygus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital in Swidnica, 58-100 \u015awidnica, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-1680-793X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Julia","family":"Kensy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Dentistry, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-425 Wroclaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Krystyna","family":"Okoniewska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Hospital in Wroclaw, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wojciech","family":"Zakrzewski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Center of Innovation, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-425 Wroclaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-4353-4607","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Agnieszka","family":"Kotela","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Center of Innovation, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-425 Wroclaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Natalia","family":"Struzik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pre-Clinical Research Centre, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0954-3955","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hanna","family":"Gerber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-6751-9187","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Magdalena","family":"Fast","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Drug Form Technology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2368-1534","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maciej","family":"Dobrzy\u0144ski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Preclinical Dentistry, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-425 Wroclaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sun, L., and Hong, G. 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