{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]],"date-time":"2026-08-19T18:08:04Z","timestamp":1787162884171,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"19","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,29]],"date-time":"2025-09-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759104000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Central Guidance for Local Science and Technology Development Funds Project","award":["2022ZY0052"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022ZY0052"]}]},{"name":"Central Guidance for Local Science and Technology Development Funds Project","award":["YDZJSX2025C035"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["YDZJSX2025C035"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007129","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["ZR2023ME195"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZR2023ME195"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007129","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Special Fund for Guiding the Transformation of Scientific and Technological Achievements in Shanxi Province","award":["202304021301071"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["202304021301071"]}]},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and System Safety of Trafic Engineering Structures, Shijiazhuang Tiedao University","award":["KF2025-09"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KF2025-09"]}]},{"name":"Science and Technology Plan Project of Zhejiang Provincial Department of Transportation","award":["2023020-2"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023020-2"]}]},{"name":"Shandong Provincial Enterprise Technology Innovation Project Plan, Project","award":["202350101531"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["202350101531"]}]},{"name":"Shandong Provincial Enterprise Technology Innovation Project Plan, Project","award":["202350101529"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["202350101529"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.mdpi.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Materials"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Sludge is a common engineering byproduct that poses environmental and land-use challenges when disposed of directly. Converting sludge into high-quality subgrade filling material through solidification is therefore of both engineering and ecological significance. In this study, dynamic triaxial tests were conducted on sludge soils stabilized with mineral-based cementitious binders to investigate the effects of binder content, loading frequency, and curing age on the backbone curve, dynamic shear modulus, maximum shear modulus, ultimate stress amplitude, shear modulus ratio, and damping ratio. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was further employed to examine the microstructural evolution of the stabilized soils. The results indicate that increasing binder content and curing age significantly enhance the dynamic shear modulus while reducing the damping ratio, and the modulus exhibits a frequency-dependent behavior within the tested loading range. The modified Hardin-Drnevich constitutive model was successfully applied to fit the experimental data, accurately characterizing the dynamic response of stabilized sludge soils and enabling the development of a normalized model for the dynamic shear modulus ratio. SEM observations confirm that hydration reactions between the binder and soil produce gel products that fill interparticle pores, leading to a denser structure and explaining the observed macroscopic improvements in mechanical behavior. Overall, this work elucidates the dynamic response mechanisms of sludge stabilized with mineral-based cementitious materials and provides theoretical and experimental support for its resource utilization in road engineering applications.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ma18194539","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,30]],"date-time":"2025-09-30T08:21:51Z","timestamp":1759220511000},"page":"4539","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Dynamic Properties of Mineral-Based Cementitious Material-Stabilized Slurry Soil Under Vehicle Loading"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Zhenlong","family":"Sun","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Civil Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao 266033, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yingying","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Civil Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao 266033, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jun","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing 100038, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fengxi","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Civil and Hydraulic Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xianzhang","family":"Ling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Civil Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao 266033, China"},{"name":"School of Civil Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yongbo","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Taizhou Traffic Survey and Design Institute Co., Ltd., Taizhou 318000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yaping","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Inner Mongolia Urban Planning & Municipal Engineering Design Research Institute, Hohhot 010010, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sanping","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"China Railway 17th Bureau Group Co., Ltd., Taiyuan 030032, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"621","DOI":"10.1061\/(ASCE)GT.1943-5606.0000462","article-title":"Effective void ratio for assessing the mechanical properties of cement-clay admixtures at high water content","volume":"137","author":"Jongpradist","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. 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