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The critical impact of exosomes derived from bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) in bone regeneration has drawn increasing attention. In this study, we developed a novel type of exosomes derived from Magnesium-preconditioned BMSCs (Mg-Exos) and evaluated their therapeutic potential. In vitro experiments demonstrated that Mg-Exos effectively counteracted Dex-induced impairment in the angiogenic function of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and the osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs. These findings highlight the promise of Mg-Exos as a potential cell-free therapeutic strategy for SONFH, acting through the concurrent enhancement of vascularization and bone formation. Consequently, this work lays a solid foundation for the future application of Mg-Exos in treating SONFH.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ma18204687","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,15]],"date-time":"2025-10-15T07:17:52Z","timestamp":1760512672000},"page":"4687","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Exosomes Derived from Mg-Preconditioned Bone Mesenchymal Stem Cells Promote Angiogenesis and Osteogenesis for Osteonecrosis Treatment"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Long","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Translational Medicine Research and Development, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China"},{"name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luyao","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Translational Medicine Research and Development, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuhan","family":"Du","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Translational Medicine Research and Development, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China"},{"name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuyang","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Innovation Center for Advanced Medical Devices, Shenzhen 518131, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zetao","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Translational Medicine Research and Development, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yangyi","family":"Nie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Translational Medicine Research and Development, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Long","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Translational Medicine Research and Development, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cairong","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Translational Medicine Research and Development, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuanchi","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Translational Medicine Research and Development, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China"},{"name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuxiao","family":"Lai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Translational Medicine Research and Development, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China"},{"name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China"},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging Science and System, Shenzhen 518055, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5663-4438","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wei","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Translational Medicine Research and Development, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China"},{"name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2129","DOI":"10.1080\/14656566.2016.1232390","article-title":"Can Adverse Effects of Glucocorticoid Therapy Be Prevented and Treated?","volume":"17","author":"Strehl","year":"2016","journal-title":"Expert Opin. 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