{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,5]],"date-time":"2025-12-05T15:21:38Z","timestamp":1764948098456,"version":"3.46.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"23","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,3]],"date-time":"2025-12-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764720000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Shandong Provincial Key Research and Development Program","award":["2024CXPT112"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024CXPT112"]}]},{"name":"Development Programme of Youth Innovation Team of Shandong Province","award":["2023KJ290"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023KJ290"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Materials"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Laser micro-drilling was applied to Fe substrates to enhance the interfacial properties of carbon fiber-reinforced polymer\/iron laminates. This architecture is referred to as a resin-interlocked Fe-CFRP hybrid composite. Inspired by human hair follicles\u2019 exceptional adhesion and filling efficiency, novel biomimetic frustum-integrated cylindrical cavities were engineered for Fe surface modification. Experimental results demonstrate that laser-processed surfaces with varied hole geometries (conical, conical frustum, cylindrical, and frustum-integrated cylindrical cavities) exhibit significantly improved interfacial performance compared to untreated Fe controls. Specifically, RI-Fe\/CFRP specimens containing frustum-integrated cylindrical cavities achieved the highest shear strength, with a 44.8% increase over non-drilled counterparts. Subsequent molecular dynamics simulations confirmed the critical role of the cavity geometry, demonstrating that the frustum-integrated cylindrical cavity elevates the Fe\u2013Diglycidyl ether of bisphenol-A interfacial energy and van der Waals interactions by 45.44% and 50.66%, respectively, versus the flat surface. The interfacial energy enhancement mechanism via distinct hole configurations was systematically studied. Furthermore, comprehensive micro-hole topology analysis elucidated the reinforcement mechanism in resin-interlocked Fe-CFRP hybrid composites. Results demonstrate that frustum-integrated cylindrical cavities significantly enhance DGEBA-3,3\u2032-diaminodiphenyl sulfone fluidity during interface simulation, promoting mechanical interlocking and optimized resin-filling efficiency. Laser micro-drilling effectively improves Fe-DGEBA interfacial performance. These findings provide critical insights for designing high-performance composites in aerospace and automotive applications.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ma18235444","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,5]],"date-time":"2025-12-05T15:11:24Z","timestamp":1764947484000},"page":"5444","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Bioinspired Microcavities Enhancing the Interface of Fe\u2013Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Polymer"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Longfei","family":"He","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Shipping, Shandong Jiaotong University, Weihai 264200, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lianhai","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Shipping, Shandong Jiaotong University, Weihai 264200, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6549-2435","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Guorong","family":"Cui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology at Weihai, Weihai 264209, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wencong","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology at Weihai, Weihai 264209, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mengkai","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology at Weihai, Weihai 264209, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jiabin","family":"Hou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Shipping, Shandong Jiaotong University, Weihai 264200, China"},{"name":"School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology at Weihai, Weihai 264209, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chao","family":"Cui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology at Weihai, Weihai 264209, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100121","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcomc.2021.100121","article-title":"Multi-functional glass\/carbon fibers hybrid inter\/intra laminated composites","volume":"4","author":"Chalivendra","year":"2021","journal-title":"Compos. 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