{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T21:44:09Z","timestamp":1789595049247,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,21]],"date-time":"2026-01-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1768953600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["52178232"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["52178232"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["51808346"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["51808346"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["LY23E080010"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LY23E080010"]}]},{"name":"Science Foundation for Young Scholars of China Minmetals Corporation","award":["2024QNJJB12"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024QNJJB12"]}]},{"name":"Talent Introduction Project of Zhejiang Shuren University","award":["2024R065"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024R065"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Materials"],"abstract":"<jats:p>To address the high-carbon emissions associated with the large use of Portland cement (PC) in traditional engineered cementitious composites (ECCs) and the resource constraints on supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs), this study proposes a strategy combining limestone calcined clay cement (LC3) as a PC replacement with the incorporation of hybrid synthetic fibers to develop low-carbon, environmentally friendly ECCs. The fundamental properties of the LC3-ECC were tested, and a sustainability analysis was conducted. The experimental results show that an increase in water-to-binder ratio (W\/B) or superplasticizer (SP) dosage significantly enhanced fluidity while reducing the yield stress and plastic viscosity. An LC3-ECC with a W\/B of 0.25, 0.45% SP and 2% polyethylene fibers exhibited the best tensile performance, achieving an ultimate tensile strain of 8.40%. In contrast, an increase in polypropylene fiber led to a degradation in crack-resistant properties. In terms of sustainability, replacing the PC with LC3 significantly reduced carbon emissions by 19.1\u201320.8%, while the cost of the limestone calcined clay cement\u2013polypropylene fiber (LC3-PP) was approximately 50% of that of the limestone calcined clay cement\u2013polyvinyl alcohol fiber (LC3-PVA). Furthermore, an integrated evaluation framework encompassing rheological, mechanical and environmental factors was established using performance radar charts. The dataset on the performance results and the developed assessment framework provide a foundation for optimizing the mixture proportioning of LC3-ECC in practical engineering applications.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ma19020424","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,21]],"date-time":"2026-01-21T13:59:54Z","timestamp":1769003994000},"page":"424","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Multi-Dimensional Assessment of Low-Carbon Engineering Cement-Based Composites Based on Rheological, Mechanical and Sustainability Factors"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0974-436X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhilu","family":"Jiang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Civil Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhaowei","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Civil Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-5813-7134","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Deming","family":"Fang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Urban Construction, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou 310015, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chuanqing","family":"Fu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Civil Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Siyao","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Civil Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuxiang","family":"Jing","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Central Research Institute of Building and Construction, Co., Ltd., MCC Group, Beijing 100088, China"},{"name":"Inspection and Certification, Co., Ltd., MCC Group, Beijing 100088, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111079","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jobe.2024.111079","article-title":"A review on the influence of particle packing theory and materials on characteristics of ECC","volume":"98","author":"Priyanka","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. 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