{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,3]],"date-time":"2026-04-03T06:25:25Z","timestamp":1775197525918,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["52374001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["52374001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005230","name":"Chongqing Natural Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["CSTB2024NSCQ-MSX0882"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CSTB2024NSCQ-MSX0882"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005230","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Foundation of State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Engineering","award":["PRE\/open-2408"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PRE\/open-2408"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Materials"],"abstract":"<jats:p>With the development of deep geothermal resources, including hot dry rock, the issues of low rock-breaking efficiency and wellbore instability encountered when drilling into high-temperature granite reservoirs have become increasingly prominent. The study aims to elucidate the physical degradation and fracture failure mechanisms of granite exposed to high temperatures and thermal shock. The mineral composition and microstructure of granite were analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) combined with field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM). Systematic experiments were conducted to investigate the thermal damage mechanisms and mechanical properties of thermal-treated (25 \u00b0C to 600 \u00b0C) granite under different cooling conditions (natural cooling, water cooling, LN2 cooling). The experimental results show that the physical parameters of granite exhibit significant path dependence on temperature and cooling rate. When the temperature exceeds 400 \u00b0C, the rock undergoes pronounced nonlinear volumetric expansion and a sharp increase in porosity, with P-wave velocity decaying exponentially as the temperature rises. Mechanical tests reveal that high temperature considerably weakens the rock tensile strength. For granite at 600 \u00b0C, the maximum reduction in strength reaches 80.79%, and faster cooling leads to greater strength degradation. Additionally, 3D morphology analysis indicates that the section roughness of granite increases exponentially with temperature, where the arithmetic mean height Sa more comprehensively reflects the overall characteristics of surface morphology and demonstrates the strongest ability for characterizing strength. These findings provide a theoretical basis for the efficient volumetric fracturing and rapid drilling technologies applicable to hot dry rock.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ma19071404","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T08:08:34Z","timestamp":1775030914000},"page":"1404","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Study on Damage and Tensile Properties of Thermal-Treated Granite Under Different Thermal Shock Conditions"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Kun","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Geosciences and Technology, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, China"},{"name":"No. 4 Oil Production Plant, PetroChina Huabei Oilfield Company, Langfang 065000, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiaoming","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Geosciences and Technology, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, China"},{"name":"Sichuan Key Laboratory of Natural Gas Geology, Chengdu 610500, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Haoyu","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dongjie","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Development Department, PetroChina Huabei Oilfield Company, Renqiu 062552, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Donghong","family":"Dang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Engineering Technology Research Institute, PetroChina Bohai Drilling Engineering Co., Ltd., Tianjin 300457, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1829-6554","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yan","family":"Xi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"543","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1239213","article-title":"Anthropogenic seismicity rates and operational parameters at the salton sea geothermal field","volume":"341","author":"Brodssky","year":"2013","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"544","DOI":"10.1016\/j.renene.2020.12.042","article-title":"Calibrations of thermo-hydro-mechanical coupling parameters for heating and water-cooling treated granite","volume":"168","author":"Yang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Renew. 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