{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T17:51:18Z","timestamp":1785433878898,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"13","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782777600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Guangdong Provincial Communications Group","award":["No. JT2023YB12"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No. JT2023YB12"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007162","name":"Department of Science and Technology of Guangdong Province","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["2022B0101070001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022B0101070001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007162","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007162","name":"Department of Science and Technology of Guangdong Province","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["2022A1515011326"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022A1515011326"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007162","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"award":["2022B0101070001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022B0101070001"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00tjzgn92","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"award":["2022A1515011326"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022A1515011326"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00tjzgn92","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Materials"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The objective of this study was to design mixtures that satisfy multiple performance criteria to build long-life pavement. A balanced mix design was employed to optimize AC-16, BBME-13, and EME-20 mixtures. The initial asphalt contents were determined using 4% air voids for the AC-16 mixture and the abundance coefficient K for BBME-13 and EME-20. Mixtures with two additional asphalt contents were also tested. A uniaxial penetration test, semi-circle bending test (to measure the flexibility index), and semi-circle bending test (to measure fracture energy) were used as performance tests. Then, a performance space diagram was created for a balanced analysis of the mixtures\u2019 high-, intermediate-, and low-temperature performance. Finally, fatigue performance was verified. The results show that BMD could be used to evaluate different asphalt mixtures. The 20# BBME-13 (5.1%, 5.4%, and 5.7%), 50# BBME-13 5.4%, and 20# AC-16 4.7% mixtures had well-balanced performances and are recommended. The BBME-13 and EME-20 mixtures had higher fatigue lives and lower sensitivity to stress than the AC-16 mixture. For the BBME-13 and AC-16 mixtures, reducing the asphalt grade significantly increased fatigue life and decreased the sensitivity to stress. At a low stress ratio, the 20# EME-20 mixture had the best fatigue performance, whereas at a high stress ratio, the 20# BBME-13 mixture had the best fatigue performance.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ma19132777","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T16:56:55Z","timestamp":1782838615000},"page":"2777","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Balanced Mix Design and Performance Analysis of High-Modulus Asphalt Mixtures"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Qirong","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangdong Road and Bridge Construction and Development Co., Ltd., Guangzhou 510623, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiwei","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangdong Road and Bridge Construction and Development Co., Ltd., Guangzhou 510623, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jilong","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Highway, Chang\u2019an University, Xi\u2019an 710064, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xinquan","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangdong Jiaoke Technology Development Co., Ltd., Guangzhou 510550, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xinhai","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangdong Jiaoke Technology Development Co., Ltd., Guangzhou 510550, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peiwen","family":"Hao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Highway, Chang\u2019an University, Xi\u2019an 710064, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ningbo","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Highway Engineering, Shaanxi College of Communication Technology, Xi\u2019an 710018, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1079","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2006.01.003","article-title":"Performance evaluation of high modulus asphalt mixtures for long life asphalt pavements","volume":"21","author":"Lee","year":"2006","journal-title":"Constr. 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