{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,5]],"date-time":"2026-08-05T04:48:29Z","timestamp":1785905309991,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"15","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,3]],"date-time":"2026-08-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785715200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005046","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["PL2024E016"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PL2024E016"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005046","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Materials"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Approximately 40\u201370 million tons of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) residues are produced annually in China, which poses severe environmental challenges. Meanwhile, adsorption refrigeration driven by low-grade heat is limited by the lack of high-performance, low-cost adsorbents. Herein, in situ Fe-doped hierarchically porous carbon (denoted as ZYC-ZFe) was fabricated using residues of Astragalus membranaceus (55 wt%) and Glycyrrhiza uralensis (45 wt%). The resultant material exhibited a Brunauer\u2013Emmett\u2013Teller specific surface area (SBET) of 1244.69 m2\/g, a total pore volume (VT) of 1.123 cm3\/g, a thermal conductivity of 4.517 W\/(m\u00b7K), and a maximum Langmuir methanol adsorption capacity of 713.06 mg\/g. A desorption efficiency of 97.6% was realized within 30 min at 90 \u00b0C, and only 3.2% reduction in adsorption capacity was observed after 100 consecutive adsorption\u2013desorption cycles. In scaled-up CFD simulations using adsorbent beds of different sizes, the adsorption refrigeration bed packed with ZYC-ZFe shortened the core temperature rise time. Within a 30 min working cycle, ZYC-ZFe delivered a specific cooling power of 1534.6 kJ\/(kg\u00b7h) and a coefficient of performance (COP) of 0.52 at 90 \u00b0C. This study offers a feasible technical strategy for the high-value reutilization of TCM residues and facilitates the practical application of adsorption refrigeration driven by low-grade waste heat.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ma19153281","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,3]],"date-time":"2026-08-03T08:04:59Z","timestamp":1785744299000},"page":"3281","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["In Situ Fe-Doped Hierarchically Porous Carbon Derived from Astragalus and Licorice Residues: Pore Engineering and Thermal Conductivity Enhancement for Methanol Adsorption Refrigeration"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9948-5129","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xujin","family":"Gong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Postdoctoral Programme of Materia Medica Institute, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150076, China"},{"name":"School of Energy and Civil Engineering, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150028, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiang","family":"Zou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Postdoctoral Programme of Materia Medica Institute, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150076, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenlan","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Postdoctoral Programme of Materia Medica Institute, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150076, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yi","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Energy and Civil Engineering, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150028, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cheng, Y., Liu, H., and Wang, X. 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