{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,8]],"date-time":"2026-08-08T04:43:00Z","timestamp":1786164180328,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"15","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,6]],"date-time":"2026-08-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785974400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["52575395"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["52575395"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"award":["52575395"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["52575395"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01h0zpd94","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004479","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["20224BAB214050"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20224BAB214050"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004479","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009554","name":"Nanchang Hangkong University","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["EG201903452"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["EG201903452"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009554","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"award":["EG201903452"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["EG201903452"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/0369pvp92","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Materials"],"abstract":"<jats:p>To address the challenges of procedural complexity, the lack of an integrated heating\u2013forming capability, and poor formability in the hot forming of titanium alloy skin components, an electrically assisted forming (EAF) process is proposed. A Johnson\u2013Cook constitutive model was established to characterize the flow behavior of Ti\u20136Al\u20134V alloy under electric-assisted conditions, achieving a correlation coefficient of 0.968 and an average relative error of 7.67%. Forming parameters were investigated through a combined approach of numerical simulation and experimentation. At a current density of 7.59 A\/mm2, a forming speed of 1 mm\/min, and a friction coefficient of 0.1, the maximum springback of the component was 1.04 mm. Compared with isothermal forming, the EAF process reduced the springback by 7.14% and enhanced the ultimate tensile strength by 5.34%. Microstructural characterization revealed that, under pulsed current, the \u03b1-phase grains of the material were refined, whereas the \u03b2-phase fraction and the average grain size increased, accompanied by a 15.3% reduction in the geometrically necessary dislocation (GND) density. This study validates the process feasibility of electrically assisted forming for thin-walled titanium alloy skin components.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ma19153352","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,6]],"date-time":"2026-08-06T13:03:27Z","timestamp":1786021407000},"page":"3352","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["A Study on Electro-Assisted Forming of Thin-Walled Skin Components Made of Ti-6Al-4V Alloy"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Zhengang","family":"Yuan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang 330063, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xuefeng","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang 330063, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiaqi","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang 330063, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jun","family":"Xie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang 330063, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fengwei","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang 330063, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kai","family":"Tian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shaanxi Aircraft Industry Co., Ltd., Hanzhong 723200, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"844","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actamat.2012.10.043","article-title":"Perspectives on Titanium Science and Technology","volume":"61","author":"Banerjee","year":"2013","journal-title":"Acta Mater."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"032001","DOI":"10.1088\/2631-7990\/ab949b","article-title":"High-efficiency forming processes for complex thin-walled titanium alloys components: State-of-the-art and perspectives","volume":"2","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. 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