{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,24]],"date-time":"2026-08-24T11:18:45Z","timestamp":1787570325656,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":62,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"17","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,24]],"date-time":"2026-08-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787529600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Yili Prefecture Second Batch Science and Technology Plan Project","award":["YZ2022B019"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["YZ2022B019"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Materials"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Antibiotic wastewater pollution is a serious environmental problem. This study prepared three types of P-doped biochar (P-CB, P-WB, and P-BB) from corn straw (CB), wheat straw (WB), and bamboo (BB) using phosphoric acid activation at 800 \u00b0C. Characterization by SEM, XRD, FTIR, and N2 adsorption confirmed that high-temperature H3PO4 activation drastically reduced the specific surface area but transformed the original microporous framework into a mesopore-dominated structure (average pore diameter 12\u201315 nm). Adsorption experiments showed that all P-doped biochars enhanced norfloxacin (NOR) removal, with P-CB performing best: 87.14% removal within 30 min at C0 = 50 mg\u00b7L\u22121 and a maximum adsorption capacity of 305.5 mg\u00b7g\u22121 at higher concentration. Kinetics followed a pseudo-second-order model (R2 &gt; 0.9982), and isotherms fitted the Freundlich model (R2 = 0.9764\u20130.9855). Thermodynamics indicated a spontaneous and exothermic process, suggesting that the macroscopic driving force is dominated by physisorption. Mechanism analysis revealed that the synergistic effect of mesopore-dominated diffusion, graphitic \u03c0-\u03c0 sites (from enhanced aromatization at 800 \u00b0C), and P-anchored chemisorption overrides the loss of specific surface area, enabling rapid and high-capacity adsorption. Optimal adsorption occurred at pH 5\u20139, while coexisting anions had a mild inhibitory effect. These findings demonstrate that high-temperature P-doping offers a strategy to rebalance pore architecture and surface functionality rather than simply maximizing specific surface area for efficient antibiotic removal from wastewater.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ma19173584","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,24]],"date-time":"2026-08-24T10:07:53Z","timestamp":1787566073000},"page":"3584","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Overriding Surface Area Limitation: Mesopore-Driven Norfloxacin Adsorption on High-Temperature P-Doped Biochar"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4273-4953","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhizhen","family":"Yin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Pollutant Chemistry and Environmental Treatment, School of Resources and Environment, Yili Normal University, Yining 835000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xizhen","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Pollutant Chemistry and Environmental Treatment, School of Resources and Environment, Yili Normal University, Yining 835000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nadilaimu","family":"Abudousuer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Pollutant Chemistry and Environmental Treatment, School of Resources and Environment, Yili Normal University, Yining 835000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xin","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Pollutant Chemistry and Environmental Treatment, School of Resources and Environment, Yili Normal University, Yining 835000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuxin","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Pollutant Chemistry and Environmental Treatment, School of Resources and Environment, Yili Normal University, Yining 835000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiayin","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Pollutant Chemistry and Environmental Treatment, School of Resources and Environment, Yili Normal University, Yining 835000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"136725","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclepro.2023.136725","article-title":"The Removal of antibiotics in water by chemically modified carbonaceous adsorbents from biomass: A systematic review","volume":"401","author":"Anuar","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. 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