{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T09:08:03Z","timestamp":1788858483076,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"18","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788825600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Materials"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The consumption of concrete is enormous during coal mine construction in the Xinjie Taigemiao mining area. During the concrete production process, the cleaning of concrete tank trucks and mixer equipment generates a large amount of waste sludge separated from fresh concrete. How to successfully recycle waste sludge has become a key issue that urgently needs to be solved in mine construction. In this work, a method is proposed for reactivating waste sludge into cementitious materials by wet grinding to peel off hydration products from the surface of cement particles, and the influence of aging time and wet-grinding time on the mechanical properties and frost resistance of reactivated waste sludge paste are investigated; furthermore, through testing methods such as hydration heat analysis, XRD, and SEM, the hydration and hardening mechanisms of waste sludge treated by wet grinding are analyzed. The results show that wet grinding can break the adhesion between agglomerated waste particles and peel off the hydration products from the surface of the waste particles to obtain fresh cement particles, thereby restoring the cement\u2019s hydration activity and bonding properties. The cementitious properties of reactivated waste sludge first increase and then decrease with the increase in aging time, and they first increase and then tend to stabilize with the increase in wet-grinding time; the frost resistance of the reactivated waste sludge is improved. The optimal aging time and optimal wet-grinding time for reactivated waste sludge are 14\u201318 h and 10 min, respectively.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ma19183814","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T08:10:22Z","timestamp":1788855022000},"page":"3814","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Wet-Grinding Reactivation and Frost Resistance of Waste Sludge from a Concrete Mixing Plant: A Case Study of Large-Scale Mine Construction in the Xinjie Taigemiao Mining Area"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Lin","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Shenhua Group Xinjie Energy Co., Ltd., Ordos 017200, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tao","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Construction and Healthy Operation and Maintenance of Deep Underground Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mou","family":"Lv","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shenhua Group Xinjie Energy Co., Ltd., Ordos 017200, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tingting","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Construction and Healthy Operation and Maintenance of Deep Underground Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maolin","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shenhua Group Xinjie Energy Co., Ltd., Ordos 017200, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bing","family":"Xue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Xuhai College, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221008, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Junwei","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shenhua Group Xinjie Energy Co., Ltd., Ordos 017200, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yongsheng","family":"Ji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Construction and Healthy Operation and Maintenance of Deep Underground Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"(2025, February 11). 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