{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,13]],"date-time":"2025-10-13T01:49:36Z","timestamp":1760320176841,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,4]],"date-time":"2014-09-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1409788800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Materials"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The upgrade recycling of cast-iron scrap chips towards \u03b2-FeSi2 thermoelectric materials is proposed as an eco-friendly and cost-effective production process. By using scrap waste from the machining process of cast-iron components, the material cost to fabricate \u03b2-FeSi2 is reduced and the industrial waste is recycled. In this study, \u03b2-FeSi2 specimens obtained from cast iron scrap chips were prepared both in the undoped form and doped with Al and Co elements. The maximum figure of merit (ZT) indicated a thermoelectric performance of approximately 70% in p-type samples and nearly 90% in  n-type samples compared to \u03b2-FeSi2 prepared from pure Fe and other published studies. The use of cast iron scrap chips to produce \u03b2-FeSi2 shows promise as an eco-friendly and cost-effective production process for thermoelectric materials.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ma7096304","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,8]],"date-time":"2014-09-08T03:35:44Z","timestamp":1410147344000},"page":"6304-6316","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Upgrade Recycling of Cast Iron Scrap Chips towards \u03b2-FeSi2 Thermoelectric Materials"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Assayidatul","family":"Laila","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate School of Engineering, Nagaoka University of Technology, Kamitomioka, Nagaoka, Niigata 940-2188, Japan"},{"name":"Department of Manufacturing and Materials Engineering, Kuliyyah of Engineering,  International Islamic University, Kuala Lumpur 50728, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Makoto","family":"Nanko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, Nagaoka University of Technology, Kamitomioka, Nagaoka, Niigata 940-2188, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Masatoshi","family":"Takeda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, Nagaoka University of Technology, Kamitomioka, Nagaoka, Niigata 940-2188, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.1049\/piee.1964.0029","article-title":"Iron disilicide as a thermoelectric generator material","volume":"111","author":"Ware","year":"1964","journal-title":"Proc. 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