{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,17]],"date-time":"2026-10-17T21:33:17Z","timestamp":1792272797778,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":169,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,27]],"date-time":"2016-02-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1456531200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Materials"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Terpyridine and quaterpyridine-based complexes allow wide light harvesting of the solar spectrum. Terpyridines, with respect to bipyridines, allow for achieving metal-complexes with lower band gaps in the metal-to-ligand transition (MLCT), thus providing a better absorption at lower energy wavelengths resulting in an enhancement of the solar light-harvesting ability. Despite the wider absorption of the first tricarboxylate terpyridyl ligand-based complex, Black Dye (BD), dye-sensitized solar cell (DSC) performances are lower if compared with N719 or other optimized bipyridine-based complexes. To further improve BD performances several modifications have been carried out in recent years affecting each component of the complexes: terpyridines have been replaced by quaterpyridines; other metals were used instead of ruthenium, and thiocyanates have been replaced by different pinchers in order to achieve cyclometalated or heteroleptic complexes. The review provides a summary on design strategies, main synthetic routes, optical and photovoltaic properties of terpyridine and quaterpyridine ligands applied to photovoltaic, and focuses on n-type DSCs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ma9030137","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,29]],"date-time":"2016-02-29T10:55:59Z","timestamp":1456743359000},"page":"137","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":71,"title":["Terpyridine and Quaterpyridine Complexes as Sensitizers for Photovoltaic Applications"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Davide","family":"Saccone","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry and NIS Interdepartmental Centre, University of Torino, Via Giuria 7, I-10125 Torino, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claudio","family":"Magistris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry and NIS Interdepartmental Centre, University of Torino, Via Giuria 7, I-10125 Torino, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nadia","family":"Barbero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry and NIS Interdepartmental Centre, University of Torino, Via Giuria 7, I-10125 Torino, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7984-6839","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pierluigi","family":"Quagliotto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry and NIS Interdepartmental Centre, University of Torino, Via Giuria 7, I-10125 Torino, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0627-2579","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Claudia","family":"Barolo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry and NIS Interdepartmental Centre, University of Torino, Via Giuria 7, I-10125 Torino, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guido","family":"Viscardi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry and NIS Interdepartmental Centre, University of Torino, Via Giuria 7, I-10125 Torino, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"737","DOI":"10.1038\/353737a0","article-title":"A low-cost, high-efficiency solar cell based on dye-sensitized colloidal TiO2 films","volume":"353","year":"1991","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6595","DOI":"10.1021\/cr900356p","article-title":"Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells","volume":"110","author":"Hagfeldt","year":"2010","journal-title":"Chem. 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