{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,14]],"date-time":"2026-03-14T09:33:50Z","timestamp":1773480830297,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,17]],"date-time":"2016-10-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1476662400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Marine Drugs"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Parkinson\u2019s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by tremor, rigidity, bradykinesia, and gait impairment. In a previous study, we found that the marine-derived compound 11-dehydrosinulariolide (11-de) upregulates the Akt\/PI3K pathway to protect cells against 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)-mediated damage. In the present study, SH-SY5Y, zebrafish and rats were used to examine the therapeutic effect of 11-de. The results revealed the mechanism by which 11-de exerts its therapeutic effect: the compound increases cytosolic or mitochondrial DJ-1 expression, and then activates the downstream Akt\/PI3K, p-CREB, and Nrf2\/HO-1 pathways. Additionally, we found that 11-de could reverse the 6-OHDA-induced downregulation of total swimming distance in a zebrafish model of PD. Using a rat model of PD, we showed that a 6-OHDA-induced increase in the number of turns, and increased time spent by rats on the beam, could be reversed by 11-de treatment. Lastly, we showed that 6-OHDA-induced attenuation in tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), a dopaminergic neuronal marker, in zebrafish and rat models of PD could also be reversed by treatment with 11-de. Moreover, the patterns of DJ-1 expression observed in this study in the zebrafish and rat models of PD corroborated the trend noted in previous in vitro studies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/md14100187","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,17]],"date-time":"2016-10-17T10:33:16Z","timestamp":1476700396000},"page":"187","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":52,"title":["Neuroprotective Effect of the Marine-Derived Compound 11-Dehydrosinulariolide through DJ-1-Related Pathway in In Vitro and In Vivo Models of Parkinson\u2019s Disease"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Chien-Wei","family":"Feng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Doctoral Degree Program in Marine Biotechnology, National Sun Yat-Sen University, 70 Lien-Hai Road, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan"},{"name":"Doctoral Degree Program in Marine Biotechnology, Academia Sinica, 128 Academia Road, Section 2, Nankang, Taipei 115, Taiwan"},{"name":"Marine Biomedical Laboratory &amp; Center for Translational Biopharmaceuticals, Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0013-3247","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Han-Chun","family":"Hung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Doctoral Degree Program in Marine Biotechnology, National Sun Yat-Sen University, 70 Lien-Hai Road, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan"},{"name":"Doctoral Degree Program in Marine Biotechnology, Academia Sinica, 128 Academia Road, Section 2, Nankang, Taipei 115, Taiwan"},{"name":"Marine Biomedical Laboratory &amp; Center for Translational Biopharmaceuticals, Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shi-Ying","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Marine Biomedical Laboratory &amp; Center for Translational Biopharmaceuticals, Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan"},{"name":"College of Oceanology and Food Science, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou 362000, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chun-Hong","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Doctoral Degree Program in Marine Biotechnology, National Sun Yat-Sen University, 70 Lien-Hai Road, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan"},{"name":"Doctoral Degree Program in Marine Biotechnology, Academia Sinica, 128 Academia Road, Section 2, Nankang, Taipei 115, Taiwan"},{"name":"Marine Biomedical Laboratory &amp; Center for Translational Biopharmaceuticals, Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yun-Ru","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chun-Yu","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"San-Nan","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, E-DA Hospital, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, I-SHOU University, Kaohsiung 840, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5162-9752","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hui-Min David","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Oceanology and Food Science, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou 362000, China"},{"name":"Graduate Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan"},{"name":"Center for Stem Cell Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6644-9236","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ping-Jyun","family":"Sung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Institute of Marine Biotechnology, National Dong Hwa University, Pingtung 944, Taiwan"},{"name":"Taiwan Coral Research Center, National Museum of Marine Biology &amp; Aquarium, Pingtung 944, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jyh-Horng","family":"Sheu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Doctoral Degree Program in Marine Biotechnology, National Sun Yat-Sen University, 70 Lien-Hai Road, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-Sen University, 70 Lien-Hai Road, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kuan-Hao","family":"Tsui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung 813, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Pharmacy and Graduate Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Tajen University, Pingtung County 907, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wu-Fu","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-Sen University, 70 Lien-Hai Road, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery and Center for Parkinson Disease, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4411-044X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhi-Hong","family":"Wen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Doctoral Degree Program in Marine Biotechnology, National Sun Yat-Sen University, 70 Lien-Hai Road, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan"},{"name":"Marine Biomedical Laboratory &amp; Center for Translational Biopharmaceuticals, Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-Sen University, 70 Lien-Hai Road, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"452","DOI":"10.1136\/pgmj.2003.013912","article-title":"Long term motor complications of levodopa: Clinical features, mechanisms, and management strategies","volume":"80","author":"Thanvi","year":"2004","journal-title":"Postgrad. Med. J."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"308","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.1979.00500410086014","article-title":"Early-morning dystonia. A late side effect of long-term levodopa therapy in Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"36","author":"Melamed","year":"1979","journal-title":"Arch. Neurol."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410190410","article-title":"Long-term follow-up of early dopa treatment in Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"19","author":"Markham","year":"1986","journal-title":"Ann. Neurol."},{"key":"ref_4","first-page":"801","article-title":"Chemical Studies of Marine-Invertebrates. 25","volume":"85","author":"Herin","year":"1976","journal-title":"Bull. Soc. Chim. Belg."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9157","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tet.2009.09.031","article-title":"Cembrane diterpenoids from the Taiwanese soft coral Sinularia flexibilis","volume":"65","author":"Lin","year":"2009","journal-title":"Tetrahedron"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1254","DOI":"10.3390\/md9071254","article-title":"Proteomic analysis of anti-tumor effects of 11-dehydrosinulariolide on CAL-27 cells","volume":"9","author":"Liu","year":"2011","journal-title":"Mar. Drugs"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1883","DOI":"10.3390\/md10081883","article-title":"Induction of apoptosis by 11-dehydrosinulariolide via mitochondrial dysregulation and ER stress pathways in human melanoma cells","volume":"10","author":"Su","year":"2012","journal-title":"Mar. Drugs"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1007\/s00210-011-0710-2","article-title":"Neuroprotection by marine-derived compound, 11-dehydrosinulariolide, in an in vitro Parkinson\u2019s model: A promising candidate for the treatment of Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"385","author":"Chen","year":"2012","journal-title":"Naunyn-Schmiedebergs Arch. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"256","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1077209","article-title":"Mutations in the DJ-1 gene associated with autosomal recessive early-onset parkinsonism","volume":"299","author":"Bonifati","year":"2003","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.10675","article-title":"The role of pathogenic DJ-1 mutations in Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"54","author":"Healy","year":"2003","journal-title":"Ann. Neurol."},{"key":"ref_11","first-page":"144","article-title":"DJ-1 mutations in Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"75","author":"Healy","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"629","DOI":"10.1086\/322996","article-title":"Park7, a novel locus for autosomal recessive early-onset parkinsonism, on chromosome 1p36","volume":"69","author":"Dekker","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am. J. Hum. Genet."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2933","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0813361106","article-title":"Nrf2-mediated neuroprotection in the MPTP mouse model of Parkinson\u2019s disease: Critical role for the astrocyte","volume":"106","author":"Chen","year":"2009","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2006.06.004","article-title":"PARK7 DJ-1 protects against degeneration of nigral dopaminergic neurons in Parkinson\u2019s disease rat model","volume":"24","author":"Inden","year":"2006","journal-title":"Neurobiol. Dis."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"232","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmb.2012.06.034","article-title":"DJ-1 protects dopaminergic neurons against rotenone-induced apoptosis by enhancing ERK-dependent mitophagy","volume":"423","author":"Gao","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Mol. Biol."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15091","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0607260103","article-title":"DJ-1, a cancer- and Parkinson\u2019s disease-associated protein, stabilizes the antioxidant transcriptional master regulator Nrf2","volume":"103","author":"Clements","year":"2006","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12475","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.220418997","article-title":"Regulation of the antioxidant response element by protein kinase C-mediated phosphorylation of NF-E2-related factor 2","volume":"97","author":"Huang","year":"2000","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Barone, M.C., and Bohmann, D. (2013). Assessing neurodegenerative phenotypes in Drosophila dopaminergic neurons by climbing assays and whole brain immunostaining. J. Vis. Exp.","DOI":"10.3791\/50339"},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2010.12.090","article-title":"Cytoprotective effects of growth factors: BDNF more potent than GDNF in an organotypic culture model of Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"1378","author":"Stahl","year":"2011","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2013.01.004","article-title":"GDNF, NGF and BDNF as therapeutic options for neurodegeneration","volume":"138","author":"Allen","year":"2013","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Ther."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1089\/zeb.2013.0950","article-title":"Effects of 6-hydroxydopamine exposure on motor activity and biochemical expression in zebrafish (Danio rerio) larvae","volume":"11","author":"Feng","year":"2014","journal-title":"Zebrafish"},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1002\/jnr.21831","article-title":"Mitochondrial localization of DJ-1 leads to enhanced neuroprotection","volume":"87","author":"Junn","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Neurosci. Res."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2063","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/ddi211","article-title":"Mitochondrial localization of the Parkinson\u2019s disease related protein DJ-1: Implications for pathogenesis","volume":"14","author":"Zhang","year":"2005","journal-title":"Hum. Mol. Genet."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neures.2010.04.002","article-title":"DJ-1 protects against oxidative damage by regulating the thioredoxin\/ASK1 complex","volume":"67","author":"Im","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neurosci. Res."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"936","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2012.05.035","article-title":"Nuclear translocation of DJ-1 during oxidative stress-induced neuronal cell death","volume":"53","author":"Kim","year":"2012","journal-title":"Free Radic. Biol. Med."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2013.08.007","article-title":"DJ-1 facilitates the interaction between STAT1 and its phosphatase, SHP-1, in brain microglia and astrocytes: A novel anti-inflammatory function of DJ-1","volume":"60","author":"Kim","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neurobiol. Dis."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(77)91940-7","article-title":"Implications of combined treatment with \u2018Madopar\u2019 and l-deprenil in Parkinson\u2019s disease. A long-term study","volume":"1","author":"Birkmayer","year":"1977","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"286","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tox.2011.10.007","article-title":"Deprenyl prevents MPP+-induced oxidative damage in PC12 cells by the upregulation of Nrf2-mediated NQO1 expression through the activation of PI3K\/Akt and Erk","volume":"290","author":"Xiao","year":"2011","journal-title":"Toxicology"},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"915","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2005.11.095","article-title":"Novel cytoprotective mechanism of anti-parkinsonian drug deprenyl: PI3K and Nrf2-derived induction of antioxidative proteins","volume":"339","author":"Nakaso","year":"2006","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.1994.tb21806.x","article-title":"Antioxidant mechanism and protection of nigral neurons against MPP+ toxicity by deprenyl (selegiline)","volume":"738","author":"Wu","year":"1994","journal-title":"Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1016\/S1353-8020(01)00011-6","article-title":"Rat striatal monoamine oxidase-B inhibition by l-deprenyl and rasagiline: Its relationship to 2-phenylethylamine-induced stereotypy and Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"8","author":"Youdim","year":"2002","journal-title":"Parkinsonism Relat. Disord."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1596","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.2006.04434.x","article-title":"(-)Epicatechin stimulates ERK-dependent cyclic AMP response element activity and up-regulates GluR2 in cortical neurons","volume":"101","author":"Schroeter","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Neurochem."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Joseph, M.S., Ying, Z., Zhuang, Y., Zhong, H., Wu, A., Bhatia, H.S., Cruz, R., Tillakaratne, N.J., Roy, R.R., and Edgerton, V.R. (2012). Effects of diet and\/or exercise in enhancing spinal cord sensorimotor learning. PLoS ONE, 7.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0041288"},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"907","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2007.11.011","article-title":"Curcumin treatment alleviates the effects of glutathione depletion in vitro and in vivo: Therapeutic implications for Parkinson\u2019s disease explained via in silico studies","volume":"44","author":"Jagatha","year":"2008","journal-title":"Free Radic. Biol. Med."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1119","DOI":"10.1080\/10715760500233113","article-title":"Neuroprotective properties of the natural phenolic antioxidants curcumin and naringenin but not quercetin and fisetin in a 6-OHDA model of Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"39","author":"Zbarsky","year":"2005","journal-title":"Free Radic. Res."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Vilotti, S., Codrich, M., Dal Ferro, M., Pinto, M., Ferrer, I., Collavin, L., Gustincich, S., and Zucchelli, S. (2012). Parkinson\u2019s disease DJ-1 L166P alters rRNA biogenesis by exclusion of TTRAP from the nucleolus and sequestration into cytoplasmic aggregates via TRAF6. PLoS ONE, 7.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0035051"},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2073","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2011.09.007","article-title":"Induction of glutathione synthesis and heme oxygenase 1 by the flavonoids butein and phloretin is mediated through the ERK\/Nrf2 pathway and protects against oxidative stress","volume":"51","author":"Yang","year":"2011","journal-title":"Free Radic. Biol. Med."},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2007.08.048","article-title":"Inducible nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase-2 participate in anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects of the natural marine compound lemnalol from Formosan soft coral Lemnalia cervicorni","volume":"578","author":"Jean","year":"2008","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"713","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1476-5381.2009.00323.x","article-title":"Capnellene, a natural marine compound derived from soft coral, attenuates chronic constriction injury-induced neuropathic pain in rats","volume":"158","author":"Jean","year":"2009","journal-title":"Br. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_40","unstructured":"Committee for the Update of the Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory (2011). Animals Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals, The National Academies Press. [8th ed.]."},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.4103\/0976-500X.72351","article-title":"Improving bioscience research reporting: The ARRIVE guidelines for reporting animal research","volume":"1","author":"Kilkenny","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Pharmacol. Pharmacother."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3189","DOI":"10.1111\/bph.12955","article-title":"Implementing guidelines on reporting research using animals (ARRIVE, etc.): New requirements for publication in BJP","volume":"172","author":"McGrath","year":"2015","journal-title":"Br. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-201X.1971.tb10999.x","article-title":"Striatal dopamine release after amphetamine or nerve degeneration revealed by rotational behaviour","volume":"82","author":"Ungerstedt","year":"1971","journal-title":"Acta Physiol. Scand."},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.1016\/0306-4522(80)90048-2","article-title":"Turning behaviour in animals","volume":"5","author":"Pycock","year":"1980","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(91)90835-J","article-title":"Partial lesion of the substantia nigra: Relation between extent of lesion and rotational behavior","volume":"553","author":"Carman","year":"1991","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2006.07.006","article-title":"Use of the narrow beam test in the rat, 6-hydroxydopamine model of Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"159","author":"Allbutt","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Neurosci. Methods"}],"container-title":["Marine Drugs"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1660-3397\/14\/10\/187\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T19:33:10Z","timestamp":1760211190000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1660-3397\/14\/10\/187"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,17]]},"references-count":46,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,10]]}},"alternative-id":["md14100187"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/md14100187","relation":{},"ISSN":["1660-3397"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1660-3397","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,17]]}}}