{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T21:51:46Z","timestamp":1790718706475,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,15]],"date-time":"2018-12-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1544832000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003443","name":"Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RFMEF161317X0076"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RFMEF161317X0076"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003443","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Marine Drugs"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The aim of this study was to examine the in vitro antioxidant and antiviral activities of echinochrome A and echinochrome-based antioxidant composition against tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) and herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1). The antioxidant composition, which is a mixture of echinochrome A, ascorbic acid, and \u03b1-tocopherol (5:5:1), showed higher antioxidant and antiviral effects than echinochrome A. We suppose that echinochrome A and its composition can both directly affect virus particles and indirectly enhance antioxidant defense mechanisms in the hosting cell. The obtained results allow considering the echinochrome A and the composition of antioxidants on its basis as the promising agents with the both antioxidant and antiviral activities.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/md16120509","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,18]],"date-time":"2018-12-18T02:15:59Z","timestamp":1545099359000},"page":"509","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":74,"title":["Antiviral and Antioxidant Properties of Echinochrome A"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Sergey A.","family":"Fedoreyev","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, FEB RAS, Vladivostok 690022, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9048-6803","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Natalia V.","family":"Krylova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"G.P. Somov Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology, FEB RAS, Vladivostok 690087, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7616-574X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Natalia P.","family":"Mishchenko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, FEB RAS, Vladivostok 690022, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elena A.","family":"Vasileva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, FEB RAS, Vladivostok 690022, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3558-0821","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Evgeny A.","family":"Pislyagin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, FEB RAS, Vladivostok 690022, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6723-582X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Olga V.","family":"Iunikhina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"G.P. Somov Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology, FEB RAS, Vladivostok 690087, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vyacheslav F.","family":"Lavrov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"I.I. Mechnikov Research Institute of Vaccines and Sera, Moscow 105064, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Oksana A.","family":"Svitich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"I.I. Mechnikov Research Institute of Vaccines and Sera, Moscow 105064, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Linna K.","family":"Ebralidze","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"I.I. Mechnikov Research Institute of Vaccines and Sera, Moscow 105064, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Galina N.","family":"Leonova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"G.P. Somov Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology, FEB RAS, Vladivostok 690087, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/S0026-0495(00)80077-3","article-title":"What is oxidative stress?","volume":"49","author":"Betteridge","year":"2000","journal-title":"Metab. Clin. 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