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Herein, we report the antioxidant and neuroprotective activities of seven fractions (F1\u2013F7) obtained by normal phase chromatography from the B. bifurcata dichloromethane extract, as well as of its two major isolated diterpenes. Total phenolic content of fractions was determined by the Folin\u2013Ciocalteu method, while antioxidant activity was evaluated by the DPPH, ORAC, and FRAP assays. Neuroprotective effects were evaluated in a neurotoxic model induced by 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) in a human neuroblastoma cell line (SH-SY5Y), while the mechanisms associated to neuroprotection were investigated by the determination of mitochondrial membrane potential, H2O2 production, Caspase-3 activity, and by observation of DNA fragmentation. Fractions F4 and F5 exhibited the best neuroprotective and antioxidant activities, respectively. F4 fraction prevented changes in mitochondrial potential, and induced a reduction of H2O2 levels production and an increase in cell viability, suggesting that it may contain multi-target compounds acting on different pathways. Hence, this fraction was subjected to purification steps, affording the known diterpenes eleganolone and eleganonal. Both compounds exhibited antioxidant potential, being interesting candidates for further neuroprotective studies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/md17020085","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,1]],"date-time":"2019-02-01T03:08:05Z","timestamp":1548990485000},"page":"85","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":86,"title":["Antioxidant and Neuroprotective Potential of the Brown Seaweed Bifurcaria bifurcata in an in vitro Parkinson\u2019s Disease Model"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Joana","family":"Silva","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"MARE\u2014Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ESTM, Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico de Leiria, 2520-641 Peniche, Portugal"},{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary, University of Santiago de Compostela, 27002 Lugo, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Celso","family":"Alves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MARE\u2014Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ESTM, Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico de Leiria, 2520-641 Peniche, Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rafaela","family":"Freitas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MARE\u2014Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ESTM, Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico de Leiria, 2520-641 Peniche, Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alice","family":"Martins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MARE\u2014Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ESTM, Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico de Leiria, 2520-641 Peniche, Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3290-3111","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Susete","family":"Pinteus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MARE\u2014Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ESTM, Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico de Leiria, 2520-641 Peniche, Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joana","family":"Ribeiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MARE\u2014Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ESTM, Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico de Leiria, 2520-641 Peniche, Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1613-7023","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Helena","family":"Gaspar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MARE\u2014Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ESTM, Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico de Leiria, 2520-641 Peniche, Portugal"},{"name":"BioISI-Biosystems &amp; Integrative Sciences Institute, Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisboa, Campo Grande, C8, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amparo","family":"Alfonso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary, University of Santiago de Compostela, 27002 Lugo, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rui","family":"Pedrosa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MARE\u2014Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ESTM, Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico de Leiria, 2520-641 Peniche, Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12906-017-1720-5","article-title":"Neuroprotective effect of Demethoxycurcumin, a natural derivative of Curcumin on rotenone induced neurotoxicity in SH-SY5Y Neuroblastoma cells","volume":"17","author":"Ramkumar","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMC Complement. 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