{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T07:25:25Z","timestamp":1780471525075,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":140,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,28]],"date-time":"2023-03-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1679961600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Marine Drugs"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The degeneration of osteochondral tissue represents one of the major causes of disability in modern society and it is expected to fuel the demand for new solutions to repair and regenerate the damaged articular joints. In particular, osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common complication in articular diseases and a leading cause of chronic disability affecting a steady increasing number of people. The regeneration of osteochondral (OC) defects is one of the most challenging tasks in orthopedics since this anatomical region is composed of different tissues, characterized by antithetic features and functionalities, in tight connection to work together as a joint. The altered structural and mechanical joint environment impairs the natural tissue metabolism, thus making OC regeneration even more challenging. In this scenario, marine-derived ingredients elicit ever-increased interest for biomedical applications as a result of their outstanding mechanical and multiple biologic properties. The review highlights the possibility to exploit such unique features using a combination of bio-inspired synthesis process and 3D manufacturing technologies, relevant to generate compositionally and structurally graded hybrid constructs reproducing the smart architecture and biomechanical functions of natural OC regions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/md21040212","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,28]],"date-time":"2023-03-28T04:37:15Z","timestamp":1679978235000},"page":"212","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Marine-Inspired Approaches as a Smart Tool to Face Osteochondral Regeneration"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Anna","family":"Tampieri","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Science, Technology and Sustainability for Ceramics, ISSMC-CNR (Former ISTEC-CNR), 40129 Faenza, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0649-2336","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elizaveta","family":"Kon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Humanitas Research Hospital, 20089 Rozzano, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5782-3137","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Monica","family":"Sandri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Science, Technology and Sustainability for Ceramics, ISSMC-CNR (Former ISTEC-CNR), 40129 Faenza, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8931-2921","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elisabetta","family":"Campodoni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Science, Technology and Sustainability for Ceramics, ISSMC-CNR (Former ISTEC-CNR), 40129 Faenza, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Massimiliano","family":"Dapporto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Science, Technology and Sustainability for Ceramics, ISSMC-CNR (Former ISTEC-CNR), 40129 Faenza, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1526-7915","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Simone","family":"Sprio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Science, Technology and Sustainability for Ceramics, ISSMC-CNR (Former ISTEC-CNR), 40129 Faenza, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2005.07.014","article-title":"Osteoarthritis cartilage histopathology: Grading and staging","volume":"14","author":"Pritzker","year":"2006","journal-title":"Osteoarthr. 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