{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T10:37:50Z","timestamp":1789987070457,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":69,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,16]],"date-time":"2023-04-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1681603200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Medical University\u2013Plovdiv","award":["DPDP-02\/2019"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DPDP-02\/2019"]}]},{"name":"Medical University\u2013Plovdiv","award":["BG-RRP-2.004-0007-C01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BG-RRP-2.004-0007-C01"]}]},{"name":"European Union-NextGenerationEU","award":["DPDP-02\/2019"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DPDP-02\/2019"]}]},{"name":"European Union-NextGenerationEU","award":["BG-RRP-2.004-0007-C01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BG-RRP-2.004-0007-C01"]}]},{"name":"Medical University\u2013Plovdiv","award":["DPDP-02\/2019"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DPDP-02\/2019"]}]},{"name":"Medical University\u2013Plovdiv","award":["BG-RRP-2.004-0007-C01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BG-RRP-2.004-0007-C01"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Marine Drugs"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The aim of this study was to identify the chemical composition and sequential structure of alginate isolated from C. crinita harvested in the Bulgarian Black Sea, as well as its effects in histamine-induced paw inflammation in rats. The serum levels of TNF-\u03b1, IL-1\u03b2, IL-6, and IL-10 in rats with systemic inflammation, and the levels of TNF-\u03b1 in a model of acute peritonitis in rats were also investigated. The structural characterization of the polysaccharide was obtained by FTIR, SEC-MALS, and 1H NMR. The extracted alginate had an M\/G ratio of 1.018, a molecular weight of 7.31 \u00d7 104 g\/mol, and a polydispersity index of 1.38. C. crinita alginate in doses of 25 and 100 mg\/kg showed well-defined anti-inflammatory activity in the model of paw edema. A significant decrease in serum levels of IL-1\u03b2 was observed only in animals treated with C. crinita alginate in a dose of 25 mg\/kg bw. The concentrations of TNF-\u03b1 and IL-6 in serum were significantly reduced in rats treated with both doses of the polysaccharide, but no statistical significance was observed in the levels of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10. A single dose of alginate did not significantly alter the levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokine TNF-\u03b1 in the peritoneal fluid of rats with a model of peritonitis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/md21040245","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,17]],"date-time":"2023-04-17T02:02:59Z","timestamp":1681696979000},"page":"245","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Extraction, Structural Characterization, and In Vivo Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Alginate from Cystoseira crinita (Desf.) Borry Harvested in the Bulgarian Black Sea"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5578-7862","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vesela","family":"Kokova","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University-Plovdiv, Vasil Aprilov Str. 15A, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2864-4388","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paolina","family":"Lukova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University-Plovdiv, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9370-8205","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexandra","family":"Baldzhieva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University-Plovdiv, Vasil Aprilov Str. 15A, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria"},{"name":"Research Institute at Medical University-Plovdiv, Vasil Aprilov Str. 15A, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9158-6208","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Plamen","family":"Katsarov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Institute at Medical University-Plovdiv, Vasil Aprilov Str. 15A, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria"},{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University-Plovdiv, Vasil Aprilov Str. 15A, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3605-1929","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"C\u00e9dric","family":"Delattre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clermont Auvergne INP, CNRS, Institut Pascal, Universit\u00e9 Clermont Auvergne, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France"},{"name":"Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), 1 Rue Descartes, 75005 Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4399-8838","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Roland","family":"Molini\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UMRT INRAE 1158 BioEcoAgro, BIOlogie des Plantes et Innovation (BIOPI), Avenue des Facult\u00e9s, IUT d\u2019Amiens, Universit\u00e9 de Picardie Jules Verne, Le Bailly, 80025 Amiens, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emmanuel","family":"Petit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UMRT INRAE 1158 BioEcoAgro, BIOlogie des Plantes et Innovation (BIOPI), Avenue des Facult\u00e9s, IUT d\u2019Amiens, Universit\u00e9 de Picardie Jules Verne, Le Bailly, 80025 Amiens, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5772-8030","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Redouan","family":"Elboutachfaiti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UMRT INRAE 1158 BioEcoAgro, BIOlogie des Plantes et Innovation (BIOPI), Avenue des Facult\u00e9s, IUT d\u2019Amiens, Universit\u00e9 de Picardie Jules Verne, Le Bailly, 80025 Amiens, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marianna","family":"Murdjeva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University-Plovdiv, Vasil Aprilov Str. 15A, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria"},{"name":"Research Institute at Medical University-Plovdiv, Vasil Aprilov Str. 15A, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5167-3278","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elisaveta","family":"Apostolova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University-Plovdiv, Vasil Aprilov Str. 15A, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-394597-6.00003-3","article-title":"Health benefits of algal polysaccharides in human nutrition","volume":"66","author":"Samek","year":"2012","journal-title":"Adv. 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