{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,25]],"date-time":"2026-01-25T03:31:14Z","timestamp":1769311874737,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":108,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,26]],"date-time":"2023-04-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1682467200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002769","name":"Bushehr University of Medical Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1271"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1271"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002769","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Marine Drugs"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Sea cucumber extracts and their bioactive compounds have the potential for stem cell proliferation induction and for their beneficial therapeutic properties. In this study, human umbilical cord mesenchymal stromal\/stem cells (hUC-MSCs) were exposed to an aqueous extract of Holothuria parva body walls. Proliferative molecules were detected using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis in an aqueous extract of H. parva. The aqueous extract concentrations of 5, 10, 20, 40, and 80 \u00b5g\/mL and 10 and 20 ng\/mL of human epidermal growth factor (EGF) as positive controls were treated on hUC-MSCs. MTT, cell count, viability, and cell cycle assays were performed. Using Western blot analysis, the effects of extracts of H. parva and EGF on cell proliferation markers were detected. Computational modeling was done to detect effective proliferative compounds in the aqueous extract of H. parva. A MTT assay showed that the 10, 20, and 40 \u00b5g\/mL aqueous extract of H. parva had a proliferative effect on hUC-MSCs. The cell count, which was treated with a 20 \u00b5g\/mL concentration, increased faster and higher than the control group (p &lt; 0.05). This concentration of the extract did not have a significant effect on hUC-MSCs\u2019 viability. The cell cycle assay of hUC-MSCs showed that the percentage of cells in the G2 stage of the extract was biologically higher than the control group. Expression of cyclin D1, cyclin D3, cyclin E, HIF-1\u03b1, and TERT was increased compared with the control group. Moreover, expression of p21 and PCNA decreased after treating hUC-MSCs with the extract. However, CDC-2\/cdk-1 and ERK1\/2 had almost the same expression as the control group. The expression of CDK-4 and CDK-6 decreased after treatment. Between the detected compounds, 1-methyl-4-(1-methyl phenyl)-benzene showed better affinity to CDK-4 and p21 than tetradecanoic acid. The H. parva aqueous extract showed proliferative potential on hUC-MSCs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/md21050267","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,27]],"date-time":"2023-04-27T02:18:34Z","timestamp":1682561914000},"page":"267","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Proliferative Effect of Aqueous Extract of Sea Cucumber (Holothuria parva) Body Wall on Human Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stromal\/Stem Cells"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3373-0021","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Poorya","family":"Rasekh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The Persian Gulf Marine Biotechnology Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr 7514633196, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ali","family":"Kameli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Persian Gulf Marine Biotechnology Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr 7514633196, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Arezoo","family":"Khoradmehr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Persian Gulf Marine Biotechnology Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr 7514633196, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3932-6978","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Neda","family":"Baghban","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Persian Gulf Marine Biotechnology Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr 7514633196, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gholamhossein","family":"Mohebbi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Persian Gulf Marine Biotechnology Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr 7514633196, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alireza","family":"Barmak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Food Lab, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr 7518759577, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Iraj","family":"Nabipour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Persian Gulf Marine Biotechnology Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr 7514633196, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hossein","family":"Azari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Persian Gulf Marine Biotechnology Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr 7514633196, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yaser","family":"Heidari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Persian Gulf Marine Biotechnology Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr 7514633196, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Adel","family":"Daneshi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Persian Gulf Marine Biotechnology Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr 7514633196, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Afshar","family":"Bargahi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Persian Gulf Marine Biotechnology Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr 7514633196, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zahra","family":"Khodabandeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stem Cells Technology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 71348-14336, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shahrokh","family":"Zare","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stem Cells Technology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 71348-14336, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8618-5872","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alireza","family":"Afshar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Persian Gulf Marine Biotechnology Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr 7514633196, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Reza","family":"Shirazi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomy, School of Medical Sciences, Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney 3052, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sahar","family":"Almasi-Turk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr 7514633196, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0222-3035","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amin","family":"Tamadon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"PerciaVista R&D Co., Shiraz 7167683745, Iran"},{"name":"Department for Scientific Work, West Kazakhstan Marat Ospanov Medical University, Aktobe 030012, Kazakhstan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s13287-020-02011-z","article-title":"What is the impact of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell transplantation on clinical treatment?","volume":"11","author":"Xie","year":"2020","journal-title":"Stem Cell Res. 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