{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,3]],"date-time":"2025-12-03T18:13:08Z","timestamp":1764785588325,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,20]],"date-time":"2025-02-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1740009600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Basic Public Welfare Research Project of Zhejiang Province","award":["LGF22H300005","2024KY18"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LGF22H300005","2024KY18"]}]},{"name":"Zhejiang Provincial Medical and Health Science and Technology Program Project","award":["LGF22H300005","2024KY18"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LGF22H300005","2024KY18"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Marine Drugs"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Five novel 2-methyl-4-(1-glycerol)furan (MGF) dimers, namely nocardifuran A (1), 13-acetyl-nocardifuran A (2), 15-epi-nocardifuran A (3), nocardifuran B (4), and nocardifuran C (5), were isolated from the Gause liquid fermentation of the marine-derived Nocardiopsis sp. ZSN1. Their structures were elucidated through HRESIMS, 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic data analysis, and ECD calculations. Compounds 1\u20134 were identified as derivatives of MGF with its rearrangement of furan or pyran derivatives, while compound 5 was identified as the derivative of MGF with an indole derivative. These MGF dimers, representing a new structural class, were isolated from a marine microorganism for the first time, thereby enhancing chemical diversity. Screening for farnesoid X receptor (FXR) agonistic activity revealed that MGF dimers could activate FXR. Furthermore, bioactivity evaluations demonstrated that these types of compounds exhibited lipid-lowering activity with lower cytotoxicity in vitro. Consequently, our findings not only contribute to the chemical diversity of marine-derived MGF-type natural products but also offer potential insights into the development of MGF dimers as lead compounds for FXR agonists in the dysregulation of hepatic lipid metabolism.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/md23030092","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,21]],"date-time":"2025-02-21T07:53:06Z","timestamp":1740124386000},"page":"92","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Non-Steroidal FXR Agonistic Dimeric 2-Methyl-4-(1-glycerol)furan with Lipid-Lowering Activities from Marine-Derived Nocardiopsis sp. ZSN1"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5419-7345","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yongjun","family":"Jiang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Food and Pharmacy, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316021, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhen","family":"Lei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Food and Pharmacy, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316021, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0748-770X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jiebin","family":"Fang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Marine Biology and Pharmacology, Ocean College, Zhejiang University, Zhoushan 316021, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yanping","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Food and Pharmacy, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316021, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chengpeng","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Therapeutic Substance of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1016\/S2468-1253(22)00317-X","article-title":"Global prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis in the overweight and obese population: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"8","author":"Quek","year":"2023","journal-title":"Lancet Gastroenterol. 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