{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T01:19:29Z","timestamp":1760059169493,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":110,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,24]],"date-time":"2025-05-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748044800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Key R&amp;D Program of China","award":["2022YFC2807503","U2006205","32330001","SKLMTFCP-2023-06"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022YFC2807503","U2006205","32330001","SKLMTFCP-2023-06"]}]},{"name":"National Science Foundation of China","award":["2022YFC2807503","U2006205","32330001","SKLMTFCP-2023-06"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022YFC2807503","U2006205","32330001","SKLMTFCP-2023-06"]}]},{"name":"SKLMT Frontiers and Challenges Project","award":["2022YFC2807503","U2006205","32330001","SKLMTFCP-2023-06"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022YFC2807503","U2006205","32330001","SKLMTFCP-2023-06"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Marine Drugs"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba) is a nutrient-rich marine resource. Although several terrestrial proteases have been used to prepare Antarctic krill peptides (AKPs), there has been no report on the preparation of AKPs using a marine protease. Here, marine bacterial protease A69 was used to prepare AKPs with multi-bioactivities. Through optimizing hydrolysis parameters, we established a process for AKPs preparation by hydrolyzing Antarctic krill powder with A69. In the prepared AKPs, peptides less than 3000 Da and 1000 Da accounted for 99.23% and 88.37%, respectively. The scavenging ratios of the AKPs to ABTS+, DPPH\u00b7 and \u00b7OH reached 93.23 \u00b1 0.09%, 99.90 \u00b1 0.15%, and 93.90 \u00b1 0.47%, respectively. The AKPs also had high angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE)-inhibitory activity, with an IC50 of 0.22 \u00b1 0.04 mg\/mL. At 40 mg\/mL, the AKPs inhibited \u03b1-glucosidase and dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-IV) activities by 7.18% and 13.62%, respectively, and displayed antibacterial activity to Escherichia coli. Moreover, 14 antioxidant peptides, 24 ACE-inhibitory peptides, 2 \u03b1-glucosidase-inhibitory peptides, and 10 DPP-\u2163-inhibitory peptides were identified from the AKPs. These results demonstrate that the prepared AKPs contain diverse bioactive peptides and have multi-bioactivities. This study indicates that marine bacterial protease A69 has promising application potential in preparing AKPs with multi-bioactivities.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/md23060226","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,25]],"date-time":"2025-05-25T20:26:50Z","timestamp":1748204810000},"page":"226","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Potential of Marine Bacterial Metalloprotease A69 in the Preparation of Antarctic Krill Peptides with Multi-Bioactivities"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Rui","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Marine Biotechnology Research Center, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wen-Jie","family":"Cao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Marine Biotechnology Research Center, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wen-Xiao","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Marine Biotechnology Research Center, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiao-Jie","family":"Yuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Marine Biotechnology Research Center, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2017-1005","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yu-Zhong","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Marine Biotechnology Research Center, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China"},{"name":"Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System & College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China"},{"name":"Joint Research Center for Marine Microbial Science and Technology, Shandong University and Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266237, China"},{"name":"Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao Marine Science and Technology Center, Qingdao 266237, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Qi-Long","family":"Qin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Marine Biotechnology Research Center, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiao-Yan","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Marine Biotechnology Research Center, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0001-5929","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xi-Ying","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Marine Biotechnology Research Center, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jian","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Marine Biotechnology Research Center, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2991-3631","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiu-Lan","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Marine Biotechnology Research Center, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China"},{"name":"Joint Research Center for Marine Microbial Science and Technology, Shandong University and Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266237, China"},{"name":"Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao Marine Science and Technology Center, Qingdao 266237, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yu-Qiang","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Marine Biotechnology Research Center, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China"},{"name":"Joint Research Center for Marine Microbial Science and Technology, Shandong University and Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266237, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chakrabarti, S., Guha, S., and Majumder, K. 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