{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,7]],"date-time":"2026-07-07T19:45:11Z","timestamp":1783453511176,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":133,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,3]],"date-time":"2025-07-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751500800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"the ITB Research, Community Service and Innovation Program (PPMI) 2022","award":["16A\/IT1.C10\/SK-KP\/2022"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["16A\/IT1.C10\/SK-KP\/2022"]}]},{"name":"the ITB Research, Community Service and Innovation Program (PPMI) 2022","award":["110\/E5\/PG.02.00.PL\/2023"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["110\/E5\/PG.02.00.PL\/2023"]}]},{"name":"the ITB Research, Community Service and Innovation Program (PPMI) 2022","award":["No. 1250\/IT1.C10\/TA\/2024"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No. 1250\/IT1.C10\/TA\/2024"]}]},{"name":"Fundamental Research 2023, The Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia","award":["16A\/IT1.C10\/SK-KP\/2022"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["16A\/IT1.C10\/SK-KP\/2022"]}]},{"name":"Fundamental Research 2023, The Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia","award":["110\/E5\/PG.02.00.PL\/2023"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["110\/E5\/PG.02.00.PL\/2023"]}]},{"name":"Fundamental Research 2023, The Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia","award":["No. 1250\/IT1.C10\/TA\/2024"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No. 1250\/IT1.C10\/TA\/2024"]}]},{"name":"ITB Research Program 2024","award":["16A\/IT1.C10\/SK-KP\/2022"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["16A\/IT1.C10\/SK-KP\/2022"]}]},{"name":"ITB Research Program 2024","award":["110\/E5\/PG.02.00.PL\/2023"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["110\/E5\/PG.02.00.PL\/2023"]}]},{"name":"ITB Research Program 2024","award":["No. 1250\/IT1.C10\/TA\/2024"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No. 1250\/IT1.C10\/TA\/2024"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Marine Drugs"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Tuberculosis (TB) poses a persistent global health threat exacerbated by the emergence of drug-resistant strains; hence, there is a continuous quest for novel antimicrobial agents. Despite efforts to develop effective therapies, existing treatments require a relatively long duration of therapy to eradicate the pathogen due to its virulence factors, pathogenesis patterns, and ability to enter dormant states. This can lead to a higher risk of treatment failure due to poor patient adherence to the complex regimen. As a result, considerable research is necessary to identify alternative antituberculosis agents. The marine environment, particularly marine-derived fungi, has recently gained interest due to its potential as an abundant source of bioactive natural products. This review covers 19 genera of marine-derived fungi and 139 metabolites, 131 of which exhibit antimycobacterial activity. The integrated dataset pinpoints the fungal genera and chemical classes that most frequently yield potent antimycobacterial hits while simultaneously exposing critical gaps, such as the minimal evaluation of compounds against dormant bacilli and the presence of underexplored ecological niches and fungal genera. Several compounds exhibit potent activity through uncommon mechanisms, including the inhibition of mycobacterial protein tyrosine phosphatases (MptpB\/MptpA), protein kinase PknG, ATP synthase and the disruption of mycobacterial DNA via G-quadruplex stabilization. Structure\u2013activity relationship (SAR) trends are highlighted for the most potent agents, illuminating how specific functional groups underpin target engagement and potency. This review also briefly proposes a dereplication strategy and approaches for toxicity mitigation in the exploration of marine-derived fungi\u2019s natural products. Through this analysis, we offer insights into the potency and challenges of marine-derived fungi\u2019s natural products as hit compounds or scaffolds for further antimycobacterial research.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/md23070279","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,3]],"date-time":"2025-07-03T06:01:33Z","timestamp":1751522493000},"page":"279","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Insights into Natural Products from Marine-Derived Fungi with Antimycobacterial Properties: Opportunities and Challenges"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3966-582X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Muhammad","family":"Azhari","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmacy, Bandung Institute of Technology, Jl. Ganesha No. 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Novi","family":"Merliani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmacy, Bandung Institute of Technology, Jl. Ganesha No. 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marlia","family":"Singgih","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmacy, Bandung Institute of Technology, Jl. Ganesha No. 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2771-1948","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Masayoshi","family":"Arai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Natural Products for Drug Discovery, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1-6 Yamadaoka, Osaka 565-0871, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5504-6140","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elin","family":"Julianti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmacy, Bandung Institute of Technology, Jl. Ganesha No. 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"E9","article-title":"The History of Tuberculosis: From the First Historical Records to the Isolation of Koch\u2019s Bacillus","volume":"58","author":"Barberis","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Prev. Med. Hyg."},{"key":"ref_2","unstructured":"World Health Organization (2022). WHO Consolidated Guidelines on Tuberculosis."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2012.11.025","article-title":"Risk of Tuberculosis in High-Rise and High Density Dwellings: An Exploratory Spatial Analysis","volume":"183","author":"Lai","year":"2013","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hunter, R.L. (2018). 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