{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,24]],"date-time":"2026-07-24T15:38:50Z","timestamp":1784907530822,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":203,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,31]],"date-time":"2025-07-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1753920000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002809","name":"Generalitat de Catalunya","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2021SGR-01093"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021SGR-01093"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002809","name":"Generalitat de Catalunya","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PID2022-140957OB-I00"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PID2022-140957OB-I00"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"MCIN\/AEI\/10.13039\/501100011033\/\u201cERDF A way of making Europe\u201d","award":["2021SGR-01093"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021SGR-01093"]}]},{"name":"MCIN\/AEI\/10.13039\/501100011033\/\u201cERDF A way of making Europe\u201d","award":["PID2022-140957OB-I00"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PID2022-140957OB-I00"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Marine Drugs"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Marine ecosystems are characterized by an immense biodiversity and represent a rich source of biological compounds with promising potential for the development of novel therapeutic drugs. This review describes the most promising marine-derived neuroprotective compounds with strong potential for the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders. We focus specifically on the retina and brain\u2014two key components of the central nervous system\u2014as primary targets for therapeutic interventions against neurodegeneration. Alzheimer\u2019s disease and retinal degeneration diseases are used here as a representative model of neurodegenerative disorders, where complex molecular processes such as protein misfolding, oxidative stress, and neuroinflammation drive disease progression. We also examine gene therapy approaches inspired by marine biology, with particular attention to their application in retinal diseases, aimed at preserving or restoring photoreceptor function and vision.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/md23080315","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,4]],"date-time":"2025-08-04T13:11:11Z","timestamp":1754313071000},"page":"315","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Marine Derived Strategies Against Neurodegeneration"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5516-7663","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vasileios","family":"Toulis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departament de Gen\u00e8tica, Microbiologia i Estad\u00edstica, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER, ISCIII), Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Institute of Biomedicine\u2014Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de D\u00e9u (IBUB\u2014IRSJD), Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7941-983X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gemma","family":"Marfany","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departament de Gen\u00e8tica, Microbiologia i Estad\u00edstica, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER, ISCIII), Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Institute of Biomedicine\u2014Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de D\u00e9u (IBUB\u2014IRSJD), Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Serena","family":"Mirra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Department of Biology and Evolution of Marine Organisms, Villa Comunale, 80121 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-12390-0_2","article-title":"Cells of the Central Nervous System: An Overview of Their Structure and Function","volume":"29","author":"Bigbee","year":"2023","journal-title":"Adv. Neurobiol."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aat0473","article-title":"Glia as architects of central nervous system formation and function","volume":"362","author":"Allen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1300","DOI":"10.1038\/s41593-018-0237-7","article-title":"Converging pathways in neurodegeneration, from genetics to mechanisms","volume":"21","author":"Gan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kelser, B.M., Teichner, E.M., Subtirelu, R.C., and Hoss, K.N. (2024). A review of proposed mechanisms for neurodegenerative disease. Front. Aging Neurosci., 16.","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2024.1370580"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kvistad, C.E., Kr\u00e5kenes, T., Gavasso, S., and B\u00f8, L. (2024). Neural regeneration in the human central nervous system\u2014From understanding the underlying mechanisms to developing treatments. Where do we stand today?. Front. Neurol., 15.","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2024.1398089"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1326","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMsa1204629","article-title":"Monetary Costs of Dementia in the United States","volume":"368","author":"Hurd","year":"2013","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1186\/s13024-022-00524-0","article-title":"Solving neurodegeneration: Common mechanisms and strategies for new treatments","volume":"17","author":"Wareham","year":"2022","journal-title":"Mol. Neurodegener."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-018-0076-4","article-title":"Restoring vision","volume":"557","author":"Roska","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-020-2146-7","article-title":"Rebuilding marine life","volume":"580","author":"Duarte","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Catanesi, M., Caioni, G., Castelli, V., Benedetti, E., D\u2019angelo, M., and Cimini, A. (2021). Benefits under the Sea: The Role of Marine Compounds in Neurodegenerative Disorders. Mar. Drugs, 19.","DOI":"10.3390\/md19010024"},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"693","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2022.12.032","article-title":"Hallmarks of neurodegenerative diseases","volume":"186","author":"Wilson","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dhuppar, S., Poller, W.C., and Murugaiyan, G. (2025). MicroRNAs in the biology and hallmarks of neurodegenerative diseases. Trends Mol. Med., online ahead of print.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molmed.2025.03.006"},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"718","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tig.2024.04.012","article-title":"Epigenome\u2013metabolism nexus in the retina: Implications for aging and disease","volume":"40","author":"Mondal","year":"2024","journal-title":"Trends Genet."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1093\/jb\/mvae048","article-title":"Neurodegenerative diseases associated with the disruption of proteostasis and their therapeutic strategies using chemical chaperones","volume":"176","author":"Sugiyama","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Biochem."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1097","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-018-03509-0","article-title":"A common mechanism of proteasome impairment by neurodegenerative disease-associated oligomers","volume":"9","author":"Thibaudeau","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"570","DOI":"10.1038\/s41418-020-00706-7","article-title":"Ubiquitin signalling in neurodegeneration: Mechanisms and therapeutic opportunities","volume":"28","author":"Schmidt","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cell Death Differ."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.14348\/molcells.2017.0115","article-title":"Crosstalk and Interplay between the Ubiquitin-Proteasome System and Autophagy","volume":"40","author":"Ji","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mol. Cells"},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"George, A.J., Hoffiz, Y.C., Charles, A.J., Zhu, Y., and Mabb, A.M. (2018). A comprehensive atlas of E3 ubiquitin ligase mutations in neurological disorders. Front. Genet., 9.","DOI":"10.3389\/fgene.2018.00029"},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fujikake, N., Shin, M., and Shimizu, S. (2018). Association between autophagy and neurodegenerative diseases. Front. Neurosci., 12.","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2018.00255"},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Oettinger, D., and Yamamoto, A. (2025). Autophagy Dysfunction and Neurodegeneration: Where Does It Go Wrong?. J. Mol. Biol., 437.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmb.2025.169219"},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1404","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2018.04.004","article-title":"Gene Therapy Strategies to Restore ER Proteostasis in Disease","volume":"26","author":"Valenzuela","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mol. Ther."},{"key":"ref_22","unstructured":"(2025, June 26). Protecting the Proteome from Parkinson\u2019s Disease. Available online: https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/d43747-021-00070-6."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"861","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.cdd.4400764","article-title":"Neurodegeneration: Diseases of the cytoskeleton?","volume":"7","author":"McMurray","year":"2000","journal-title":"Cell Death Differ."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Guti\u00e9rrez, J.A., Castro, J.F., Zapata, J.F., Abdul, K., and Arteaga, A. (2022). Neurodegeneration and convergent factors contributing to the deterioration of the cytoskeleton in Alzheimer\u2019s disease, cerebral ischemia and multiple sclerosis. Biomed. Rep., 16.","DOI":"10.3892\/br.2022.1510"},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ribas, V., Garc\u00eda-Ruiz, C., and Fern\u00e1ndez-Checa, J.C. (2014). Glutathione and mitochondria. Front. Pharmacol., 5.","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2014.00151"},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1080\/01616412.2016.1251711","article-title":"Oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction-linked neurodegenerative disorders","volume":"39","author":"Islam","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neurol. Res."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"787","DOI":"10.1038\/nature05292","article-title":"Mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress in neurodegenerative diseases","volume":"443","author":"Lin","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yang, H.-M. (2025). Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Neurodegenerative Diseases. Cells, 14.","DOI":"10.3390\/cells14040276"},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1033","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2011.06.003","article-title":"Mitochondria: The Next (Neurode) Generation","volume":"70","author":"Schon","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"609","DOI":"10.1038\/s41573-020-0072-x","article-title":"Brain energy rescue: An emerging therapeutic concept for neurodegenerative disorders of ageing","volume":"19","author":"Cunnane","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Drug Discov."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"D\u017eidi\u0107-Krivi\u0107, A., Fajki\u0107, A., Farhat, E.K., Leki\u0107, L., Ejubovi\u0107, A., Vukas, S.K., Ejubovi\u0107, M., Lepara, O., and Sher, E.K. (2025). Linking Metabolic Syndrome to Neurodegeneration Mechanisms and Potential Treatments. Mol. Neurobiol.","DOI":"10.1007\/s12035-025-04947-w"},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Vamanu, E., and Rai, S.N. (2021). The Link between Obesity, Microbiota Dysbiosis, and Neurodegenerative Pathogenesis. Diseases, 9.","DOI":"10.3390\/diseases9030045"},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arr.2016.04.005","article-title":"Synaptic pathology: A shared mechanism in neurological disease","volume":"28","author":"Henstridge","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ageing Res. Rev."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1186\/s40035-021-00278-7","article-title":"Excitotoxicity, calcium and mitochondria: A triad in synaptic neurodegeneration","volume":"11","author":"Verma","year":"2022","journal-title":"Transl. Neurodegener."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tins.2010.08.002","article-title":"Early synaptic pathophysiology in neurodegeneration: Insights from Huntington\u2019s disease","volume":"33","author":"Milnerwood","year":"2010","journal-title":"Trends Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1007\/s00441-018-2813-2","article-title":"Molecular basis of dopamine replacement therapy and its side effects in Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"373","author":"You","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cell Tissue Res."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-023-01486-5","article-title":"Role of neuroinflammation in neurodegeneration development","volume":"8","author":"Zhang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Signal Transduct. Target. Ther."},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1186\/s40035-020-00221-2","article-title":"Neuroinflammation in neurodegenerative disorders: The roles of microglia and astrocytes","volume":"9","author":"Kwon","year":"2020","journal-title":"Transl. Neurodegener."},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(23)00116-3","article-title":"Chronic inflammation: A potential target in tauopathies","volume":"22","author":"Ising","year":"2023","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e14521","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.14521","article-title":"Pathological angiogenesis was associated with cerebrovascular lesion and neurodegeneration in Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"21","author":"Gao","year":"2025","journal-title":"Alzheimer\u2019s Dement."},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bhandari, M., Tiwari, R.K., Chanda, S., and Bonde, G.V. (2024). Targeting angiogenesis, inflammation, and oxidative stress in Alzheimer\u2019s diseases. Targeting Angiogenesis, Inflammation, and Oxidative Stress in Chronic Diseases, Academic Press.","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-443-13587-3.00003-5"},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"654","DOI":"10.1038\/s41583-023-00753-2","article-title":"Angiogenesis in the eye","volume":"24","author":"Lewis","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3489","DOI":"10.1007\/s00018-014-1625-0","article-title":"Developmental and pathological angiogenesis in the central nervous system","volume":"71","author":"Vallon","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cell. Mol. Life Sci. C"},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Miao, G., Fortier, T.M., Liu, H., Schafer, D.P., Fitzgerald, K.A., Mao, J., and Baehrecke, E.H. (2025). Microglia promote inflammatory cell death upon neuronal mitochondrial impairment during neurodegeneration. Nat. Struct. Mol. Biol., 1\u201314.","DOI":"10.1038\/s41594-025-01602-9"},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2029","DOI":"10.1038\/s41418-021-00814-y","article-title":"Molecular mechanisms of cell death in neurological diseases","volume":"28","author":"Moujalled","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cell Death Differ."},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1497","DOI":"10.4103\/NRR.NRR-D-24-01343","article-title":"Potential targets of microglia in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases: Mechanism and therapeutic implications","volume":"21","author":"Zhao","year":"2025","journal-title":"Neural Regen. Res."},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ptito, M., Bleau, M., and Bouskila, J. (2021). The retina: A window into the brain. Cells, 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/cells10123269"},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100846","DOI":"10.1016\/j.preteyeres.2020.100846","article-title":"The cell biology of the retinal pigment epithelium","volume":"78","author":"Lakkaraju","year":"2020","journal-title":"Prog. Retin. Eye Res."},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tempone, M.H., Borges-Martins, V.P., C\u00e9sar, F., Alexandrino-Mattos, D.P., de Figueiredo, C.S., Raony, \u00cd., dos Santos, A.A., Duarte-Silva, A.T., Dias, M.S., and Freitas, H.R. (2024). The Healthy and Diseased Retina Seen through Neuron\u2013Glia Interactions. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 25.","DOI":"10.20944\/preprints202312.1868.v2"},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R1019","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2023.08.044","article-title":"Losing, preserving, and restoring vision from neurodegeneration in the eye","volume":"33","author":"Kerschensteiner","year":"2023","journal-title":"Curr. Biol."},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4039","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.175687","article-title":"Photoreceptors at a glance","volume":"128","author":"Molday","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Cell Sci."},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"528","DOI":"10.4161\/19336950.2014.973776","article-title":"Organization of cGMP sensing structures on the rod photoreceptor outer segment plasma membrane","volume":"8","author":"Nemet","year":"2015","journal-title":"Channels"},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Li, Y., Faiz, A., Moshage, H., Schubert, R., Schilling, L., and Kamps, J.A. (2021). Comparative transcriptome analysis of inner blood-retinal barrier and blood\u2013brain barrier in rats. Sci. Rep., 11.","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-91584-7"},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102446","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arr.2024.102446","article-title":"Senescence-associated microvascular endothelial dysfunction: A focus on the blood-brain and blood-retinal barriers","volume":"100","author":"Kim","year":"2024","journal-title":"Ageing Res. Rev."},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.2174\/1567203052997031","article-title":"The Blood-brain Barrier and the Outer Blood-retina Barrier","volume":"2","author":"Schlosshauer","year":"2005","journal-title":"Med. Chem. Rev.-Online"},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ramirez, A.I., de Hoz, R., Salobrar-Garcia, E., Salazar, J.J., Rojas, B., Ajoy, D., L\u00f3pez-Cuenca, I., Rojas, P., Trivi\u00f1o, A., and Ram\u00edrez, J.M. (2017). The role of microglia in retinal neurodegeneration: Alzheimer\u2019s disease, Parkinson, and glaucoma. Front. Aging Neurosci., 9.","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2017.00214"},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1038\/nrneurol.2012.227","article-title":"The retina as a window to the brain\u2014From eye research to CNS disorders","volume":"9","author":"London","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Neurol."},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5731","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-020-19547-6","article-title":"Pharmacological targeting of MCL-1 promotes mitophagy and improves disease pathologies in an Alzheimer\u2019s disease mouse model","volume":"11","author":"Cen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"ref_59","first-page":"e210008","article-title":"Understanding the Brain through Aging Eyes","volume":"3","author":"Blazes","year":"2021","journal-title":"Adv. Geriatr. Med. Res."},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"274","DOI":"10.1038\/ejhg.2012.172","article-title":"Next-generation sequencing (NGS) as a diagnostic tool for retinal degeneration reveals a much higher detection rate in early-onset disease","volume":"21","author":"Shanks","year":"2012","journal-title":"Eur. J. Hum. Genet."},{"key":"ref_61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1149","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-022-01862-8","article-title":"Regenerative and restorative medicine for eye disease","volume":"28","author":"Chiang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"ref_62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Manley, A., Meshkat, B.I., Jablonski, M.M., and Hollingsworth, T.J. (2023). Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Pathogenesis Underlying Inherited Retinal Dystrophies. Biomolecules, 13.","DOI":"10.3390\/biom13020271"},{"key":"ref_63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Brillante, S., Galasso, C., Lauritano, C., and Carrella, S. (2022). From the Sea for the Sight: Marine Derived Products for Human Vision. Front. Aging Neurosci., 14.","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2022.892764"},{"key":"ref_64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"416","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jafc.5b05436","article-title":"Protective Effect of Fucoxanthin Isolated from Laminaria japonica against Visible Light-Induced Retinal Damage Both in vitro and in vivo","volume":"64","author":"Liu","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Agric. Food Chem."},{"key":"ref_65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chen, S.J., Lin, T.B., Peng, H.Y., Liu, H.J., Lee, A.S., Lin, C.H., and Tseng, K.W. (2021). Cytoprotective Potential of Fucoxanthin in Oxidative Stress-Induced Age-Related Macular Degeneration and Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cell Senescence in vivo and in vitro. Mar. Drugs, 19.","DOI":"10.3390\/md19020114"},{"key":"ref_66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"960","DOI":"10.3390\/md11030960","article-title":"Astaxanthin attenuates the apoptosis of retinal ganglion cells in db\/db mice by inhibition of oxidative stress","volume":"11","author":"Dong","year":"2013","journal-title":"Mar. Drugs"},{"key":"ref_67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yeh, P.T., Huang, H.W., Yang, C.M., Yang, W.S., and Yang, C.H. (2016). Astaxanthin Inhibits Expression of Retinal Oxidative Stress and Inflammatory Mediators in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats. PLoS ONE, 11.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0146438"},{"key":"ref_68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lai, T.T., Yang, C.M., and Yang, C.H. (2020). Astaxanthin Protects Retinal Photoreceptor Cells against High Glucose-Induced Oxidative Stress by Induction of Antioxidant Enzymes via the PI3K\/Akt\/Nrf2 Pathway. Antioxidants, 9.","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox9080729"},{"key":"ref_69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101876","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jchemneu.2020.101876","article-title":"Astaxanthin protects retinal ganglion cells from acute glaucoma via the Nrf2\/HO-1 pathway","volume":"110","author":"Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Chem. Neuroanat."},{"key":"ref_70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"298","DOI":"10.1080\/15569527.2019.1613425","article-title":"Protective effect of diphlorethohydroxycarmalol against oxidative stress-induced DNA damage and apoptosis in retinal pigment epithelial cells","volume":"38","author":"Park","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cutan. Ocul. Toxicol."},{"key":"ref_71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dithmer, M., Fuchs, S., Shi, Y., Schmidt, H., Richert, E., Roider, J., and Klettner, A. (2014). Fucoidan reduces secretion and expression of vascular endothelial growth factor in the retinal pigment epithelium and reduces angiogenesis in vitro. PLoS ONE, 9.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0089150"},{"key":"ref_72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1704","DOI":"10.1159\/000489246","article-title":"Protective Effects of Fucoidan on Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition of Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells and Progression of Proliferative Vitreoretinopathy","volume":"46","author":"Zhang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cell. Physiol. Biochem."},{"key":"ref_73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exer.2013.06.011","article-title":"Attenuation of streptozotocin-induced diabetic retinopathy with low molecular weight fucoidan via inhibition of vascular endothelial growth factor","volume":"115","author":"Yang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Exp. Eye Res."},{"key":"ref_74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1186\/s12967-024-04877-6","article-title":"Fucoidan modulates SIRT1 and NLRP3 to alleviate hypertensive retinopathy: In vivo and in vitro insights","volume":"22","author":"Li","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Transl. Med."},{"key":"ref_75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Varinthra, P., Huang, S.P., Chompoopong, S., Wen, Z.H., and Liu, I.Y. (2021). 4-(Phenylsulfanyl) butan-2-one attenuates the inflammatory response induced by amyloid-\u03b2 oligomers in retinal pigment epithelium cells. Mar. Drugs, 19.","DOI":"10.3390\/md19010001"},{"key":"ref_76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exer.2015.10.004","article-title":"Neuroprotective effect of 4-(Phenylsulfanyl)butan-2-one on optic nerve crush model in rats","volume":"143","author":"Chien","year":"2016","journal-title":"Exp. Eye Res."},{"key":"ref_77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2825703","DOI":"10.1155\/2017\/2825703","article-title":"Cytoprotective Effects of Citicoline and Homotaurine against Glutamate and High Glucose Neurotoxicity in Primary Cultured Retinal Cells","volume":"2017","author":"Davinelli","year":"2017","journal-title":"Oxid. Med. Cell. Longev."},{"key":"ref_78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Locri, F., Cammalleri, M., Dal Monte, M., Rusciano, D., and Bagnoli, P. (2019). Protective efficacy of a dietary supplement based on forskolin, homotaurine, spearmint extract, and group B vitamins in a mouse model of optic nerve injury. Nutrients, 11.","DOI":"10.3390\/nu11122931"},{"key":"ref_79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cammalleri, M., Monte, M.D., Amato, R., Bagnoli, P., and Rusciano, D. (2020). A dietary combination of forskolin with homotaurine, spearmint and B vitamins protects injured retinal ganglion cells in a rodent model of hypertensive glaucoma. Nutrients, 12.","DOI":"10.3390\/nu12041189"},{"key":"ref_80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Satriano, A., Lagan\u00e0, M.L., Licastro, E., Nucci, C., Bagetta, G., Russo, R., and Adornetto, A. (2023). Neuroprotective Effect of a Nutritional Supplement Containing Spearmint Extract, Forskolin, Homotaurine and Group B Vitamins in a Mouse Model of Transient Ocular Hypertension. Biomedicines, 11.","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines11051478"},{"key":"ref_81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rossi, G.C.M., Rolle, T., De Silvestri, A., Sisto, D., Mavilio, A., Mirabile, A.V., Paviglianiti, A., Strano, B., Picasso, E., and Pasinetti, G.M. (2022). Multicenter, Prospective, Randomized, Single Blind, Cross-Over Study on the Effect of a Fixed Combination of Citicoline 500 mg Plus Homotaurine 50 mg on Pattern Electroretinogram (PERG) in Patients With Open Angle Glaucoma on Well Controlled Intraocular Pressure. Front. Med., 9.","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2022.882335"},{"key":"ref_82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Qiu, B., Tan, A., Tan, Y.Z., Chen, Q.Y., Luesch, H., and Wang, X. (2021). Largazole inhibits ocular angiogenesis by modulating the expression of vegfr2 and p21. Mar. Drugs, 19.","DOI":"10.3390\/md19080471"},{"key":"ref_83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"619","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2014.06.019","article-title":"Largazole, an inhibitor of class I histone deacetylases, attenuates inflammatory corneal neovascularization","volume":"740","author":"Zhou","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9588","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bmc.2008.09.020","article-title":"Anti-inflammatory properties of a heparin-like glycosaminoglycan with reduced anti-coagulant activity isolated from a marine shrimp","volume":"16","author":"Brito","year":"2008","journal-title":"Bioorg. Med. Chem."},{"key":"ref_85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1828","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1538-7836.2010.03916.x","article-title":"A heparin mimetic isolated from a marine shrimp suppresses neovascularization","volume":"8","author":"Dreyfuss","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Thromb. Haemost."},{"key":"ref_86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cho, H.M., Jo, Y.D., and Choung, S.Y. (2022). Protective Effects of Spirulina maxima against Blue Light-Induced Retinal Damages in A2E-Laden ARPE-19 Cells and Balb\/c Mice. Nutrients, 14.","DOI":"10.3390\/nu14030401"},{"key":"ref_87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1167\/tvst.8.6.20","article-title":"Dietary Spirulina Supplementation Protects Visual Function From Photostress by Suppressing Retinal Neurodegeneration in Mice","volume":"8","author":"Okamoto","year":"2019","journal-title":"Transl. Vis. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"ref_88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1066","DOI":"10.1021\/acsmedchemlett.7b00281","article-title":"New Scaffold for Angiogenesis Inhibitors Discovered by Targeted Chemical Transformations of Wondonin Natural Products","volume":"8","author":"Yu","year":"2017","journal-title":"ACS Med. Chem. Lett."},{"key":"ref_89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5535","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jmedchem.0c01965","article-title":"Discovery of Novel Small-Molecule Antiangiogenesis Agents to Treat Diabetic Retinopathy","volume":"64","author":"Kim","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Med. Chem."},{"key":"ref_90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Galasso, C., Orefice, I., Pellone, P., Cirino, P., Miele, R., Ianora, A., Brunet, C., and Sansone, C. (2018). On the neuroprotective role of astaxanthin: New perspectives?. Mar. Drugs, 16.","DOI":"10.3390\/md16080247"},{"key":"ref_91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1254\/jphs.13066FP","article-title":"The protective effects of a dietary carotenoid, astaxanthin, against light-induced retinal damage","volume":"123","author":"Otsuka","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Pharmacol. Sci."},{"key":"ref_92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Haggag, Y.A., Abd Elrahman, A.A., Ulber, R., and Zayed, A. (2023). Fucoidan in Pharmaceutical Formulations: A Comprehensive Review for Smart Drug Delivery Systems. Mar. Drugs, 21.","DOI":"10.3390\/md21020112"},{"key":"ref_93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"D\u2019Angelo, A., Vitiello, L., Lixi, F., Abbinante, G., Coppola, A., Gagliardi, V., Pellegrino, A., and Giannaccare, G. (2024). Optic Nerve Neuroprotection in Glaucoma: A Narrative Review. J. Clin. Med., 13.","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm13082214"},{"key":"ref_94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sakai, D., Tomita, H., and Maeda, A. (2022). Optogenetic Therapy for Visual Restoration. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 23.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms232315041"},{"key":"ref_95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Parnami, K., and Bhattacharyya, A. (2023). Current approaches to vision restoration using optogenetic therapy. Front. Cell. Neurosci., 17.","DOI":"10.3389\/fncel.2023.1236826"},{"key":"ref_96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e25321","DOI":"10.1002\/jnr.25321","article-title":"Optogenetics in chronic neurodegenerative diseases, controlling the brain with light: A systematic review","volume":"102","author":"Ballout","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Neurosci. Res."},{"key":"ref_97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1795","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(06)69740-7","article-title":"Retinitis pigmentosa","volume":"368","author":"Hartong","year":"2006","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1097\/IIO.0000000000000257","article-title":"Vision restoration in outer retinal degenerations: Current approaches and future directions","volume":"59","author":"Saraf","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. Ophthalmol. Clin."},{"key":"ref_99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pobo\u017cy, K., Pobo\u017cy, T., Doma\u0144ski, P., Derczy\u0144ski, M., Konarski, W., and Doma\u0144ska-Pobo\u017ca, J. (2025). Evolution of Light-Sensitive Proteins in Optogenetic Approaches for Vision Restoration: A Comprehensive Review. Biomedicines, 13.","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines13020429"},{"key":"ref_100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2006.02.026","article-title":"Ectopic Expression of a Microbial-Type Rhodopsin Restores Visual Responses in Mice with Photoreceptor Degeneration","volume":"50","author":"Bi","year":"2006","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"ref_101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3821","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.06-1501","article-title":"Restoration of visual response in aged dystrophic RCS rats using AAV-mediated channelopsin-2 gene transfer","volume":"48","author":"Tomita","year":"2007","journal-title":"Investig. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci."},{"key":"ref_102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"429","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exer.2009.12.006","article-title":"Channelrhodopsin-2 gene transduced into retinal ganglion cells restores functional vision in genetically blind rats","volume":"90","author":"Tomita","year":"2010","journal-title":"Exp. Eye Res."},{"key":"ref_103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"667","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.2117","article-title":"Light-activated channels targeted to ON bipolar cells restore visual function in retinal degeneration","volume":"11","author":"Lagali","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.2776","article-title":"Ultra light-sensitive and fast neuronal activation with the Ca2+-permeable channelrhodopsin CatCh","volume":"14","author":"Kleinlogel","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e96029","DOI":"10.1172\/jci.insight.96029","article-title":"Noninvasive gene delivery to foveal cones for vision restoration","volume":"3","author":"Khabou","year":"2018","journal-title":"JCI Insight"},{"key":"ref_106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-022-00935-x","article-title":"Visual function restoration with a highly sensitive and fast Channelrhodopsin in blind mice","volume":"7","author":"Chen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Signal Transduct. Target. Ther."},{"key":"ref_107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1195","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2019.04.002","article-title":"Improved CoChR Variants Restore Visual Acuity and Contrast Sensitivity in a Mouse Model of Blindness under Ambient Light Conditions","volume":"27","author":"Ganjawala","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mol. Ther."},{"key":"ref_108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"338","DOI":"10.1038\/nmeth.2836","article-title":"Independent optical excitation of distinct neural populations","volume":"11","author":"Klapoetke","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat. Methods"},{"key":"ref_109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"406","DOI":"10.1016\/j.omtm.2023.05.005","article-title":"A clinically viable approach to restoring visual function using optogenetic gene therapy","volume":"29","author":"Yan","year":"2023","journal-title":"Mol. Ther. Methods Clin. Dev."},{"key":"ref_110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"631","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.2120","article-title":"Red-shifted optogenetic excitation: A tool for fast neural control derived from Volvox carteri","volume":"11","author":"Zhang","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1434","DOI":"10.1038\/mt.2014.81","article-title":"Restoration of the majority of the visual spectrum by using modified volvox channelrhodopsin-1","volume":"22","author":"Tomita","year":"2014","journal-title":"Mol. Ther."},{"key":"ref_112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1499","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.3502","article-title":"ReaChR: A red-shifted variant of channelrhodopsin enables deep transcranial optogenetic excitation","volume":"16","author":"Lin","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1248","DOI":"10.15252\/emmm.201505699","article-title":"Red-shifted channelrhodopsin stimulation restores light responses in blind mice, macaque retina, and human retina","volume":"8","author":"Sengupta","year":"2016","journal-title":"EMBO Mol. Med."},{"key":"ref_114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Too, L.K., Shen, W., Protti, D.A., Sawatari, A., Black, A.D., Leamey, C.A., Huang, J.Y., Lee, S.R., Mathai, A.E., and Lisowski, L. (2022). Optogenetic restoration of high sensitivity vision with bReaChES, a red-shifted channelrhodopsin. Sci. Rep., 12.","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-23572-4"},{"key":"ref_115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cheong, S.K., Strazzeri, J.M., Williams, D.R., and Merigan, W.H. (2018). All-optical recording and stimulation of retinal neurons in vivo in retinal degeneration mice. PLoS ONE, 13.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0194947"},{"key":"ref_116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gauvain, G., Akolkar, H., Chaffiol, A., Arcizet, F., Khoei, M.A., Desrosiers, M., Jaillard, C., Caplette, R., Marre, O., and Bertin, S. (2021). Optogenetic therapy: High spatiotemporal resolution and pattern discrimination compatible with vision restoration in non-human primates. Commun. Biol., 4.","DOI":"10.1038\/s42003-020-01594-w"},{"key":"ref_117","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.omtm.2021.11.009","article-title":"In vivo optogenetic stimulation of the primate retina activates the visual cortex after long-term transduction","volume":"24","author":"Chaffiol","year":"2022","journal-title":"Mol. Ther. Methods Clin. Dev."},{"key":"ref_118","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1223","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-021-01351-4","article-title":"Partial recovery of visual function in a blind patient after optogenetic therapy","volume":"27","author":"Sahel","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"ref_119","first-page":"041412","article-title":"Restoring vision in mice with retinal degeneration using multicharacteristic opsin","volume":"4","author":"Wright","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neurophotonics"},{"key":"ref_120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1167\/tvst.13.10.25","article-title":"Multi-Characteristic Opsin Therapy to Functionalize Retina, Attenuate Retinal Degeneration, and Restore Vision in Mouse Models of Retinitis Pigmentosa","volume":"13","author":"Batabyal","year":"2024","journal-title":"Transl. Vis. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"ref_121","first-page":"2137","article-title":"Longitudinal BCVA analysis of low- or high-dose MCO-010 mutation agnostic optogenetic therapy for retinitis pigmentosa: 12-month results from a Phase 2b\/3 randomized, sham-controlled, patient- and assessor-masked clinical trial (RESTORE)","volume":"65","author":"Ho","year":"2024","journal-title":"Investig. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci."},{"key":"ref_122","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9186","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0184-09.2009","article-title":"Ectopic expression of multiple microbial rhodopsins restores ON and OFF light responses in retinas with photoreceptor degeneration","volume":"29","author":"Zhang","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1007\/s11068-008-9027-6","article-title":"eNpHR: A Natronomonas halorhodopsin enhanced for optogenetic applications","volume":"36","author":"Gradinaru","year":"2008","journal-title":"Brain Cell Biol."},{"key":"ref_124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1190897","article-title":"Genetic reactivation of cone photoreceptors restores visual responses in retinitis pigmentosa","volume":"329","author":"Busskamp","year":"2010","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref_125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Garita-Hernandez, M., Chaffiol, A., Guibbal, L., Routet, F., Khabou, H., Riancho, L., Toualbi, L., Picaud, S., Sahel, J.A., and Goureau, O. (2021). Control of Microbial Opsin Expression in Stem Cell Derived Cones for Improved Outcomes in Cell Therapy. Front. Cell. Neurosci., 15.","DOI":"10.3389\/fncel.2021.648210"},{"key":"ref_126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"897","DOI":"10.1002\/jnr.24411","article-title":"Mechanisms for the maintenance and regulation of axonal energy supply","volume":"97","author":"Chamberlain","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Neurosci. Res."},{"key":"ref_127","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jacobs, H.T., and Ballard, J.W.O. (2022). What physiological role(s) does the alternative oxidase perform in animals?. Biochim. Biophys. Acta-Bioenerg., 1863.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbabio.2022.148556"},{"key":"ref_128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.embor.7400601","article-title":"Allotopic expression of a mitochondrial alternative oxidase confers cyanide resistance to human cell respiration","volume":"7","author":"Hakkaart","year":"2006","journal-title":"EMBO Rep."},{"key":"ref_129","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-9861(89)90173-2","article-title":"Regulation of alternative pathway activity in plant mitochondria: Nonlinear relationship between electron flux and the redox poise of the quinone pool","volume":"273","author":"Dry","year":"1989","journal-title":"Arch. Biochem. Biophys."},{"key":"ref_130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"449","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2009.03.004","article-title":"Expression of the Ciona intestinalis alternative oxidase (AOX) in Drosophila complements defects in mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation","volume":"9","author":"Sanz","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cell Metab."},{"key":"ref_131","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.18632\/aging.100137","article-title":"Mitochondrial ROS production correlates with, but does not directly regulate lifespan in Drosophila","volume":"2","author":"Sanz","year":"2010","journal-title":"Aging"},{"key":"ref_132","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2016.04.006","article-title":"Expression of the alternative oxidase mitigates beta-amyloid production and toxicity in model systems","volume":"96","author":"Kaulio","year":"2016","journal-title":"Free Radic. Biol. Med."},{"key":"ref_133","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Viscomi, C., Moore, A.L., Zeviani, M., and Szibor, M. (2023). Xenotopic expression of alternative oxidase (AOX) to study mechanisms of mitochondrial disease. Biochim. Biophys. Acta Bioenerg., 1864.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbabio.2022.148947"},{"key":"ref_134","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e9456","DOI":"10.15252\/emmm.201809456","article-title":"Alternative oxidase-mediated respiration prevents lethal mitochondrial cardiomyopathy","volume":"11","author":"Rajendran","year":"2019","journal-title":"EMBO Mol. Med."},{"key":"ref_135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"764","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2018.07.012","article-title":"Perturbed Redox Signaling Exacerbates a Mitochondrial Myopathy","volume":"28","author":"Dogan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cell Metab."},{"key":"ref_136","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2402384121","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2402384121","article-title":"Alternative oxidase blunts pseudohypoxia and photoreceptor degeneration due to RPE mitochondrial dysfunction","volume":"121","author":"Chen","year":"2024","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_137","unstructured":"Sheppard, O., and Coleman, M. (2020). Alzheimer\u2019s Disease: Etiology, Neuropathology and Pathogenesis. Alzheimer\u2019s Disease: Drug Discovery, Exon Publications."},{"key":"ref_138","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"939","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.34.7.939","article-title":"Clinical diagnosis of alzheimer\u2019s disease: Report of the NINCDS-ADRDA work group under the auspices of department of health and human services task force on alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"34","author":"McKhann","year":"1984","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"ref_139","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sehar, U., Rawat, P., Reddy, A.P., Kopel, J., and Reddy, P.H. (2022). Amyloid Beta in Aging and Alzheimer\u2019s Disease. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 23.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms232112924"},{"key":"ref_140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-neuro-061010-113613","article-title":"Amyloid precursor protein processing and alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"34","author":"Wong","year":"2011","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_141","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yang, H., Li, J., Li, X., Ma, L., Hou, M., Zhou, H., and Zhou, R. (2022). Based on molecular structures: Amyloid-\u03b2 generation, clearance, toxicity and therapeutic strategies. Front. Mol. Neurosci., 15.","DOI":"10.3389\/fnmol.2022.927530"},{"key":"ref_142","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Andrade-Guerrero, J., Santiago-Balmaseda, A., Jeronimo-Aguilar, P., Vargas-Rodr\u00edguez, I., Cadena-Su\u00e1rez, A.R., S\u00e1nchez-Garibay, C., Pozo-Molina, G., M\u00e9ndez-Catal\u00e1, C.F., Cardenas-Aguayo, M.D.C., and Diaz-Cintra, S. (2023). Alzheimer\u2019s Disease: An Updated Overview of Its Genetics. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 24.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24043754"},{"key":"ref_143","first-page":"482","article-title":"Targeting Abnormal Tau Phosphorylation for Alzheimer\u2019s Therapeutics","volume":"56","author":"Singh","year":"2023","journal-title":"Horm. Metab. Res."},{"key":"ref_144","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1566067","article-title":"Alzheimer\u2019s disease: The amyloid cascade hypothesis","volume":"256","author":"Hardy","year":"1992","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref_145","first-page":"a006189","article-title":"Neuropathological alterations in Alzheimer disease","volume":"1","author":"Frosch","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cold Spring Harb. Perspect. Med."},{"key":"ref_146","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1038\/s41582-018-0116-6","article-title":"A critical appraisal of amyloid-\u03b2-targeting therapies for Alzheimer disease","volume":"15","author":"Panza","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Neurol."},{"key":"ref_147","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1186\/s13195-025-01766-y","article-title":"Navigating the introduction of anti-amyloid therapy in Europe: A position statement by individual members of the EADC","volume":"17","author":"Frederiksen","year":"2025","journal-title":"Alzheimer\u2019s Res. Ther."},{"key":"ref_148","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kabir, M.T., Uddin, M.S., Jeandet, P., Bin, E.T., Mitra, S., Albadrani, G.M., Sayed, A.A., Abdel-Daim, M.M., and Simal-Gandara, J. (2021). Anti-Alzheimer\u2019s Molecules Derived from Marine Life: Understanding Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Potential. Mar. Drugs, 19.","DOI":"10.3390\/md19050251"},{"key":"ref_149","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Silva, M., Seijas, P., and Otero, P. (2021). Exploitation of marine molecules to manage alzheimer\u2019s disease. Mar. Drugs, 19.","DOI":"10.3390\/md19070373"},{"key":"ref_150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hu, D., Jin, Y., Hou, X., Zhu, Y., Chen, D., Tai, J., Chen, Q., Shi, C., Ye, J., and Wu, M. (2023). Application of Marine Natural Products against Alzheimer\u2019s Disease: Past, Present and Future. Mar. Drugs, 21.","DOI":"10.3390\/md21010043"},{"key":"ref_151","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4092","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jafc.7b00805","article-title":"Fucoxanthin Inhibits \u03b2-Amyloid Assembly and Attenuates \u03b2-Amyloid Oligomer-Induced Cognitive Impairments","volume":"65","author":"Xiang","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Agric. Food Chem."},{"key":"ref_152","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lin, J., Huang, L., Yu, J., Xiang, S., Wang, J., Zhang, J., Yan, X., Cui, W., He, S., and Wang, Q. (2016). Fucoxanthin, a marine carotenoid, reverses scopolamine-induced cognitive impairments in mice and inhibits acetylcholinesterase in vitro. Mar. Drugs, 14.","DOI":"10.3390\/md14040067"},{"key":"ref_153","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3876","DOI":"10.1021\/jf400015k","article-title":"Fucoxanthin ameliorates inflammation and oxidative reponses in microglia","volume":"61","author":"Pangestuti","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Agric. Food Chem."},{"key":"ref_154","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3891","DOI":"10.1039\/D4FO05034G","article-title":"Long-term fucoxanthin treatment prevents cognitive impairments and neuroinflammation via the inhibition of Nogo-A in APP\/PS1 transgenic mice","volume":"16","author":"Jiang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Food Funct."},{"key":"ref_155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"148518","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2023.148518","article-title":"Astaxanthin enhances autophagy, amyloid beta clearance and exerts anti-inflammatory effects in in vitro models of Alzheimer\u2019s disease-related blood brain barrier dysfunction and inflammation","volume":"1819","author":"Babalola","year":"2023","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"key":"ref_156","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10362","DOI":"10.1039\/D3FO03223J","article-title":"Astaxanthin alleviates ganglioside metabolism disorder in the cortex of Alzheimer\u2019s disease mice","volume":"14","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Food Funct."},{"key":"ref_157","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2300414","DOI":"10.1002\/mnfr.202300414","article-title":"Docosahexaenoic Acid-Acylated Astaxanthin Monoester Ameliorates Amyloid-\u03b2 Pathology and Neuronal Damage by Restoring Autophagy in Alzheimer\u2019s Disease Models","volume":"68","author":"Wang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Mol. Nutr. Food Res."},{"key":"ref_158","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1800707","DOI":"10.1002\/mnfr.201800707","article-title":"Cerebrosides from Sea Cucumber Improved A\u03b2 1\u201342 -Induced Cognitive Deficiency in a Rat Model of Alzheimer\u2019s Disease","volume":"63","author":"Li","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mol. Nutr. Food Res."},{"key":"ref_159","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.2741\/e855","article-title":"Fucoidan serves a neuroprotective effect in an Alzheimer\u2019s disease model","volume":"12","author":"Subaraja","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Biosci.-Elit."},{"key":"ref_160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wei, H., Gao, Z., Zheng, L., Zhang, C., Liu, Z., Yang, Y., Teng, H., Hou, L., Yin, Y., and Zou, X. (2017). Protective effects of fucoidan on A\u03b225-35 and D-gal-induced neurotoxicity in PC12 cells and D-gal-induced cognitive dysfunction in mice. Mar. Drugs, 15.","DOI":"10.3390\/md15030077"},{"key":"ref_161","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Han, H.J., Park, S.K., Kang, J.Y., Kim, J.M., Yoo, S.K., Kim, D.-O., Kim, G.-H., Heo, H.J., Han, H.J., and Park, S.K. (2021). Mixture of Phlorotannin and Fucoidan from Ecklonia cava Prevents the A\u03b2-Induced Cognitive Decline with Mitochondrial and Cholinergic Activation. Mar. Drugs, 19.","DOI":"10.3390\/md19080434"},{"key":"ref_162","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2012.09.013","article-title":"Phlorotannin-rich Ecklonia cava reduces the production of beta-amyloid by modulating alpha- and gamma-secretase expression and activity","volume":"34","author":"Kang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neurotoxicology"},{"key":"ref_163","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Seong, S.H., Paudel, P., Jung, H.A., and Choi, J.S. (2019). Identifying phlorofucofuroeckol-A as a dual inhibitor of amyloid-\u03b225-35 self-aggregation and insulin glycation: Elucidation of the molecular mechanism of action. Mar. Drugs, 17.","DOI":"10.3390\/md17110600"},{"key":"ref_164","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yoon, J.H., Lee, N., Youn, K., Jo, M.R., Kim, H.R., Lee, D.S., Ho, C.T., and Jun, M. (2021). Dieckol Ameliorates A\u03b2 Production via PI3K\/Akt\/GSK-3\u03b2 Regulated APP Processing in SweAPP N2a Cell. Mar. Drugs, 19.","DOI":"10.3390\/md19030152"},{"key":"ref_165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yang, E.J., Ahn, S., Ryu, J., Choi, M.S., Choi, S., Chong, Y.H., Hyun, J.W., Chang, M.J., and Kim, H.S. (2015). Phloroglucinol Attenuates the Cognitive Deficits of the 5XFAD Mouse Model of Alzheimer\u2019s Disease. PLoS ONE, 10.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0135686"},{"key":"ref_166","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2018.08.016","article-title":"Phloroglucinol ameliorates cognitive impairments by reducing the amyloid \u03b2 peptide burden and pro-inflammatory cytokines in the hippocampus of 5XFAD mice","volume":"126","author":"Yang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Free Radic. Biol. Med."},{"key":"ref_167","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"787","DOI":"10.1038\/s41422-019-0216-x","article-title":"Sodium oligomannate therapeutically remodels gut microbiota and suppresses gut bacterial amino acids-shaped neuroinflammation to inhibit Alzheimer\u2019s disease progression","volume":"29","author":"Wang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cell Res."},{"key":"ref_168","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4102","DOI":"10.1021\/acschemneuro.9b00329","article-title":"Gracilin A Derivatives Target Early Events in Alzheimer\u2019s Disease: In vitro Effects on Neuroinflammation and Oxidative Stress","volume":"10","author":"Alonso","year":"2019","journal-title":"ACS Chem. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_169","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"700","DOI":"10.3390\/md12020700","article-title":"Spongionella Secondary Metabolites Protect Mitochondrial Function in Cortical Neurons against Oxidative Stress","volume":"12","author":"Alonso","year":"2014","journal-title":"Mar. Drugs"},{"key":"ref_170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.5114\/aoms.2011.20612","article-title":"Tramiprosate in mild-to-moderate Alzheimer\u2019s disease\u2014A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multi-centre study (the alphase study)","volume":"7","author":"Aisen","year":"2011","journal-title":"Arch. Med. Sci."},{"key":"ref_171","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1056","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2011.08.013","article-title":"13-Desmethyl spirolide-C is neuroprotective and reduces intracellular A\u03b2 and hyperphosphorylated tau in vitro","volume":"59","author":"Alonso","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neurochem. Int."},{"key":"ref_172","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2017.11.052","article-title":"The inhibitory effect of chitosan oligosaccharides on \u03b2-site amyloid precursor protein cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1) in HEK293 APPswe cells","volume":"665","author":"Dai","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neurosci. Lett."},{"key":"ref_173","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"416","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2015.11.011","article-title":"Chitosan oligosaccharides alleviate cognitive deficits in an amyloid-\u03b21-42-induced rat model of Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"83","author":"Jia","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."},{"key":"ref_174","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sun, Q., Liu, F., Sang, J., Lin, M., Ma, J., Xiao, X., Yan, S., Benjamin Naman, C., Wang, N., and He, S. (2019). 9-Methylfascaplysin is a more potent A\u03b2 aggregation inhibitor than the marine-derived alkaloid, fascaplysin, and produces nanomolar neuroprotective effects in SH-SY5Y cells. Mar. Drugs, 17.","DOI":"10.3390\/md17020121"},{"key":"ref_175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e70100","DOI":"10.1111\/cns.70100","article-title":"9-Methylfascaplysin Prevents Neuroinflammation and Synaptic Damage via Cell-Specific Inhibition of Kinases in APP\/PS1 Transgenic Mice","volume":"30","author":"Le","year":"2024","journal-title":"CNS Neurosci. Ther."},{"key":"ref_176","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1006\/bbrc.1994.2428","article-title":"Rifampicin prevents the aggregation and neurotoxicity of amyloid \u03b2 protein in vitro","volume":"204","author":"Tomiyama","year":"1994","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun."},{"key":"ref_177","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1568","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/aww042","article-title":"Rifampicin is a candidate preventive medicine against amyloid-\u03b2 and tau oligomers","volume":"139","author":"Umeda","year":"2016","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"ref_178","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Umeda, T., Sakai, A., Shigemori, K., Yokota, A., Kumagai, T., and Tomiyama, T. (2021). Oligomer-Targeting Prevention of Neurodegenerative Dementia by Intranasal Rifampicin and Resveratrol Combination\u2014A Preclinical Study in Model Mice. Front. Neurosci., 15.","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2021.763476"},{"key":"ref_179","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1186\/s40478-016-0378-4","article-title":"Evaluation of the brain-penetrant microtubule-stabilizing agent, dictyostatin, in the PS19 tau transgenic mouse model of tauopathy","volume":"4","author":"Makani","year":"2016","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol. Commun."},{"key":"ref_180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Park, J.E., Leem, Y.H., Park, J.S., Kim, D.Y., Kang, J.L., and Kim, H.S. (2022). Anti-Inflammatory and Neuroprotective Mechanisms of GTS-21, an \u03b17 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor Agonist, in Neuroinflammation and Parkinson\u2019s Disease Mouse Models. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 23.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23084420"},{"key":"ref_181","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1271","DOI":"10.1039\/C6FO01659F","article-title":"Effects of dietary glucocerebrosides from sea cucumber on the brain sphingolipid profiles of mouse models of Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"8","author":"Song","year":"2017","journal-title":"Food Funct."},{"key":"ref_182","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kwon, Y.J., Kwon, O.I., Hwang, H.J., Shin, H.C., and Yang, S. (2023). Therapeutic effects of phlorotannins in the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders. Front. Mol. Neurosci., 16.","DOI":"10.3389\/fnmol.2023.1193590"},{"key":"ref_183","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"779","DOI":"10.1038\/s41422-019-0227-7","article-title":"The microbiome: A target for Alzheimer disease?","volume":"29","author":"Seo","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cell Res."},{"key":"ref_184","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Manzano, S., Ag\u00fcera, L., Aguilar, M., and Olazar\u00e1n, J. (2020). A Review on Tramiprosate (Homotaurine) in Alzheimer\u2019s Disease and Other Neurocognitive Disorders. Front. Neurol., 11.","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2020.00614"},{"key":"ref_185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mitra, S., Rauf, A., Sutradhar, H., Sadaf, S., Hossain, M.J., Soma, M.A., Bin, E.T., Ahmad, B., Aljohani, A.S.M., and Al Abdulmonem, W. (2023). Potential candidates from marine and terrestrial resources targeting mitochondrial inhibition: Insights from the molecular approach. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. C Toxicol. Pharmacol., 264.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbpc.2022.109509"},{"key":"ref_186","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Botelho, M.J., Milinovic, J., Bandarra, N.M., and Vale, C. (2022). Alzheimer\u2019s Disease and Toxins Produced by Marine Dinoflagellates: An Issue to Explore. Mar. Drugs, 20.","DOI":"10.3390\/md20040253"},{"key":"ref_187","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1039\/C0NP00027B","article-title":"Natural products as a source of Alzheimer\u2019s drug leads","volume":"28","author":"Williams","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nat. Prod. Rep."},{"key":"ref_188","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"583","DOI":"10.1038\/s41583-018-0054-8","article-title":"Rodent models for Alzheimer disease","volume":"19","author":"Bodea","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_189","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1186\/s13024-024-00712-0","article-title":"Updates on mouse models of Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"19","author":"Zhong","year":"2024","journal-title":"Mol. Neurodegener."},{"key":"ref_190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"312","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2017.09.017","article-title":"Lower vertebrate and invertebrate models of Alzheimer\u2019s disease\u2014A review","volume":"815","author":"Sharma","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_191","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"de Sousa, A.A., Rigby Dames, B.A., Graff, E.C., Mohamedelhassan, R., Vassilopoulos, T., and Charvet, C.J. (2023). Going beyond established model systems of Alzheimer\u2019s disease: Companion animals provide novel insights into the neurobiology of aging. Commun. Biol., 6.","DOI":"10.1038\/s42003-023-05034-3"},{"key":"ref_192","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1007\/s10545-013-9608-0","article-title":"Blood-brain barrier structure and function and the challenges for CNS drug delivery","volume":"36","author":"Abbott","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Inherit. Metab. Dis."},{"key":"ref_193","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"de Lima, E.P., Laurindo, L.F., Catharin, V.C.S., Direito, R., Tanaka, M., Jasmin Santos German, I., Lamas, C.B., Guiguer, E.L., Ara\u00fajo, A.C., and Fiorini, A.M.R. (2025). Polyphenols, Alkaloids, and Terpenoids Against Neurodegeneration: Evaluating the Neuroprotective Effects of Phytocompounds Through a Comprehensive Review of the Current Evidence. Metabolites, 15.","DOI":"10.3390\/metabo15020124"},{"key":"ref_194","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Diao, X., Han, H., Li, B., Guo, Z., Fu, J., and Wu, W. (2023). The Rare Marine Bioactive Compounds in Neurological Disorders and Diseases: Is the Blood-Brain Barrier an Obstacle or a Target?. Mar. Drugs, 21.","DOI":"10.3390\/md21070406"},{"key":"ref_195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1631","DOI":"10.2147\/IJN.S402447","article-title":"Nose to Brain Delivery of Astaxanthin\u2013Loaded Nanostructured Lipid Carriers in Rat Model of Alzheimer\u2019s Disease: Preparation, in vitro and in vivo Evaluation","volume":"18","author":"Shehata","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. J. Nanomed."},{"key":"ref_196","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainresbull.2007.07.026","article-title":"Sea urchin embryonic development provides a model for evaluating therapies against \u03b2-amyloid toxicity","volume":"75","author":"Buznikov","year":"2008","journal-title":"Brain Res. Bull."},{"key":"ref_197","first-page":"120","article-title":"The sea urchin embryo: A model to study Alzheimer\u2019s beta amyloid induced toxicity","volume":"483","author":"Picone","year":"2024","journal-title":"Arch. Biochem. Biophys."},{"key":"ref_198","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"jcs258382","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.258382","article-title":"Precise regulation of presenilin expression is required for sea urchin early development","volume":"134","author":"Bronchain","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Cell Sci."},{"key":"ref_199","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"503","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ntt.2008.05.003","article-title":"Amyloid precursor protein 96-110 and \u03b2-amyloid 1-42 elicit developmental anomalies in sea urchin embryos and larvae that are alleviated by neurotransmitter analogs for acetylcholine, serotonin and cannabinoids","volume":"30","author":"Buznikov","year":"2008","journal-title":"Neurotoxicol. Teratol."},{"key":"ref_200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1916","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.06-5716fje","article-title":"Toxicity of recombinant \u03b2-amyloid prefibrillar oligomers on the morphogenesis of the sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus","volume":"20","author":"Carrotta","year":"2006","journal-title":"FASEB J."},{"key":"ref_201","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Papon, N., Copp, B.R., and Courdavault, V. (2022). Marine drugs: Biology, pipelines, current and future prospects for production. Biotechnol. Adv., 54.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biotechadv.2021.107871"},{"key":"ref_202","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Xu, Y., Du, X., Yu, X., Jiang, Q., Zheng, K., Xu, J., and Wang, P. (2022). Recent Advances in the Heterologous Expression of Biosynthetic Gene Clusters for Marine Natural Products. Mar. Drugs, 20.","DOI":"10.3390\/md20060341"},{"key":"ref_203","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Isabel, U.V., de la Riera, M., Bel\u00e9n, A., Dolores, R.S., and Elena, G.B. (2024). A new frontier in neuropharmacology: Recent progress in natural products research for blood\u2013brain barrier crossing. Curr. Res. Biotechnol., 8.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.crbiot.2024.100235"}],"container-title":["Marine Drugs"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1660-3397\/23\/8\/315\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,9]],"date-time":"2025-10-09T18:19:38Z","timestamp":1760033978000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1660-3397\/23\/8\/315"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,31]]},"references-count":203,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]}},"alternative-id":["md23080315"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/md23080315","relation":{},"ISSN":["1660-3397"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1660-3397","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,31]]}}}