{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T20:57:09Z","timestamp":1790283429943,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,21]],"date-time":"2026-01-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1768953600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005416","name":"The Research Council of Norway","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["226244\/F50"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["226244\/F50"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005416","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Marine Drugs"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The epiphytic community of Laminaria hyperborea, dominated by red algae, is typically discarded during industrial processing despite its potential as a source of high-value natural products. This study aims to valorize this underutilized biomass by characterizing its secondary metabolites and evaluating the biological activities of its major bromophenols. A combined chromatographic workflow enabled the isolation and structural elucidation of five bromophenols (1\u20135), including one previously undescribed compound (5). Among these, compound 4 exhibited the strongest cytotoxicity against the acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cell line MOLM-13 (EC50 = 6.23 \u03bcM) and induced pronounced apoptotic features. When tested on two normal cell lines (NRK and H9c2) and in zebrafish larvae, it showed moderate toxicity at higher concentrations, indicating a reasonable selectivity window. In contrast, compound 5 was more toxic to normal cells than to MOLM-13 in vitro, while showing no acute toxicity in zebrafish; however, interpretations are preliminary due to compound purity. Bromophenols 1\u20134 were also tested for antioxidant activity, with 4 being the most potent (ABTS EC50 = 22.1 \u03bcM), although this did not translate into protection against doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity. Additionally, non-targeted UHPLC-QTOF MS\/MS analysis tentatively identified nine additional bromophenols and provided an estimation of their origin species within the epiphytic assemblage.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/md24010052","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,23]],"date-time":"2026-01-23T18:35:56Z","timestamp":1769193356000},"page":"52","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Marine Bromophenols from Laminaria hyperborea\u2019s Epiphytic Biomass: Chemical Profiling, Cytotoxicity, and Antioxidant Activity"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"24","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-4549-2458","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Angeliki","family":"Barouti","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Technology, University of Bergen, 5007 Bergen, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0564-2606","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vinh Le","family":"Ba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Technology, University of Bergen, 5007 Bergen, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0353-3614","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lars","family":"Herfindal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Pharmacy, Department of Clinical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, 5009 Bergen, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6804-921X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Monica","family":"Jordheim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Technology, University of Bergen, 5007 Bergen, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1058","DOI":"10.1126\/science.157.3792.1058","article-title":"Bromophenols from Red Algae","volume":"157","author":"Craigie","year":"1967","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1273","DOI":"10.3390\/md9071273","article-title":"Bromophenols in Marine Algae and Their Bioactivities","volume":"9","author":"Liu","year":"2011","journal-title":"Mar. 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