{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,26]],"date-time":"2026-10-26T20:23:25Z","timestamp":1793046205312,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,10]],"date-time":"2026-05-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1778371200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003392","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["2023J011323"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023J011323"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003392","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003392","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["2023J011326"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023J011326"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003392","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Fujian Provincial Department of Science and Technology Agricultural Guiding (Key) Project","award":["2025N0070"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2025N0070"]}]},{"name":"Fujian Provincial Special Project for Marine Conservation and Development","award":["HYBF20200066-8"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HYBF20200066-8"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Marine Drugs"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The potent toxicity of tetrodotoxin (TTX) has long constrained sustainable growth in pufferfish aquaculture. Takifugu bimaculatus, an economically important species farmed along the coast of Fujian, China, remains poorly understood regarding how it transports and accumulates this potent neurotoxin. To address this gap, we combined transcriptomic and proteomic analyses to characterize the molecular responses of T. bimaculatus to TTX exposure. After oral administration, TTX primarily accumulated in the liver, ovaries, and skin. Multi-omics profiling revealed 163 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 88 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) in liver tissue, together with 239 DEGs and 179 DEPs in ovarian tissue. KEGG pathway analysis suggests that the liver maintains homeostasis by regulating ion concentrations and restructuring lipid raft architectures, alongside coordinated carrier protein activity. This likely supports active TTX uptake and directed transport toward the ovaries and skin, followed by metabolic clearance. By contrast, ovarian tissues appear to establish a stable, long-term reservoir through cytoskeletal remodeling, enhanced interactions with the extracellular matrix, and activated endocytic pathways. Together, these findings offer insights into how T. bimaculatus accumulates and transports TTX, laying groundwork for identifying key transporter genes, clarifying TTX metabolic pathways, and developing practical food safety controls.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/md24050172","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,11]],"date-time":"2026-05-11T12:05:22Z","timestamp":1778501122000},"page":"172","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Multi-Omics Reveals Tetrodotoxin Transport and Accumulation Mechanisms in Takifugu bimaculatus"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Xinxin","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-4379-5749","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Min","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fisheries Research Institute of Fujian, Key Laboratory of Cultivation and High-Value Utilization of Marine Organisms in Fujian Province, National Research and Development Center for Marine Fish Processing, Xiamen 361021, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiapeng","family":"Qi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuigen","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fujian Fisheries Technology Extension Center, Fuzhou 350028, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8657-2867","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiaoting","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fisheries Research Institute of Fujian, Key Laboratory of Cultivation and High-Value Utilization of Marine Organisms in Fujian Province, National Research and Development Center for Marine Fish Processing, Xiamen 361021, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9738-7568","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bei","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fisheries Research Institute of Fujian, Key Laboratory of Cultivation and High-Value Utilization of Marine Organisms in Fujian Province, National Research and Development Center for Marine Fish Processing, Xiamen 361021, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuilin","family":"Cai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fisheries Research Institute of Fujian, Key Laboratory of Cultivation and High-Value Utilization of Marine Organisms in Fujian Province, National Research and Development Center for Marine Fish Processing, Xiamen 361021, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2372-2837","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kun","family":"Qiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fisheries Research Institute of Fujian, Key Laboratory of Cultivation and High-Value Utilization of Marine Organisms in Fujian Province, National Research and Development Center for Marine Fish Processing, Xiamen 361021, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qilin","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhiyu","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fisheries Research Institute of Fujian, Key Laboratory of Cultivation and High-Value Utilization of Marine Organisms in Fujian Province, National Research and Development Center for Marine Fish Processing, Xiamen 361021, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"907","DOI":"10.1111\/jam.12896","article-title":"An overview on the origin and production of tetrodotoxin, a potent neurotoxin","volume":"119","author":"Jal","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. 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