{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,3]],"date-time":"2026-07-03T10:19:34Z","timestamp":1783073974523,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":66,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,3]],"date-time":"2026-07-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783036800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Marine Drugs"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) are the carbohydrate portion of proteoglycans (PGS), a family of complex biomacromolecules ubiquitously found in the extracellular matrix and on cell surfaces that play critical roles in a plethora of physiological and pathological processes. In the present work, chondroitin sulfate (CS) and dermatan sulfate (DS) were extracted and purified from the head (GCB) and skin (GDB) of blue runner fish (Caranx crysos) to explore their structural features and biological properties. GCB and GDB were purified by ion-exchange chromatography with yields of 0.82% and 0.61%, respectively. Chemical and structural analysis showed that GCB and GDD demonstrated quite similar sulfation degrees (4.45% and 4.24%, respectively). The molecular weight values obtained for GCB and GDB as estimated by high-performance size exclusion chromatography coupled with a triple detector array (HP-SEC-TDA) were 48.9 and 28.54 KDa, respectively. Structural features were elucidated using FT-IR and 2D NMR spectroscopy. GCB was mainly identified as chondroitin sulfate, containing 82% GlcA and minor proportions of IdoA and IdoA2S (scoring 18% dermatan-like structures). In contrast, GDB was predominantly dermatan sulfate, with a higher unsulfated IdoA content (54%) and a lower GlcA percentage (17%). In vitro anticoagulant activity, evaluated using APTT and PT assays, demonstrated that both GAGs exhibit significant anticoagulant potential. In addition, both fractions exhibited no antiplatelet activity, suggesting that the isolated glycosaminoglycans selectively target the coagulation cascade without affecting platelet aggregation. Furthermore, hemolytic assays confirmed that neither GCB nor GDB showed any hemolytic activity at the tested concentrations. Cytotoxicity assessment in HEK293 and HUVEK cell lines further confirmed the absence of detectable toxicity even at high concentration. Overall, these marine-derived GAGs present promising therapeutic potential as a source of anticoagulant drugs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/md24070234","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,3]],"date-time":"2026-07-03T09:34:11Z","timestamp":1783071251000},"page":"234","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Bioactive Glycosaminoglycans from Caranx crysos: A Structure\u2013Function Study of Selective Anticoagulant Activity"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Ranim","family":"Kroumi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory for the Improvement of Plants and Valorization of Agroressources, National School of Engineering of Sfax (ENIS), University of Sfax, Sfax 3038, Tunisia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Soumaya","family":"Alimi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory for the Improvement of Plants and Valorization of Agroressources, National School of Engineering of Sfax (ENIS), University of Sfax, Sfax 3038, Tunisia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5652-4506","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fabiana","family":"Esposito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical Sciences, Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cintia 4, I-80126 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-5931-6162","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Asma","family":"Haffouz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Molecular Biotechnology of Eucaryotes, Centre of Biotechnology of Sfax, University of Sfax, B.P. 1177, Sfax 3018, Tunisia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8589-7894","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Basma","family":"Hadjkacem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Molecular Biotechnology of Eucaryotes, Centre of Biotechnology of Sfax, University of Sfax, B.P. 1177, Sfax 3018, Tunisia"},{"name":"Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Sciences of Gafsa, University of Gafsa, Gafsa 2112, Tunisia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3870-9675","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Angela","family":"Casillo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical Sciences, Complesso Universitario Monte S. 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