{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]],"date-time":"2026-07-31T08:59:23Z","timestamp":1785488363071,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":70,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]],"date-time":"2026-07-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785456000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Ministry of Natural Resources and provincial authorities in China","award":["2024ZRBSHZ148"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024ZRBSHZ148"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005693","name":"Hainan University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["KYQD(ZR)-21018"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KYQD(ZR)-21018"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005693","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"award":["KYQD(ZR)-21018"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KYQD(ZR)-21018"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/03q648j11","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Mar. Drugs","Marine Drugs"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This study investigated species-specific physiological and redox responses of two coral symbiotic dinoflagellates, Cladocopium sp. and Durusdinium sp., to green-synthesized nano-selenium (SeNP) gradients, with implications for eco-friendly marine antifouling. Growth, photosynthetic pigments, antioxidant enzymes (SOD, POD, CAT), lipid peroxidation (MDA), and osmo-protectants were assessed to elucidate mechanisms. Both species exhibited a biphasic (hormetic) response, with stimulation at low concentrations and inhibition at high levels. At 50\u2013100 mg L\u22121, Cladocopium sp. showed enhanced growth, pigments, antioxidant activity, and osmotic regulation, with reduced oxidative stress, indicating improved redox homeostasis. In contrast, \u2265150 mg L\u22121 disrupted redox balance and suppressed growth. Durusdinium sp. displayed slower growth but maintained stable pigments, consistent antioxidant activity, and low MDA, reflecting a tolerance-oriented strategy. Overall, SeNPs synergistically regulate antioxidant systems and osmotic homeostasis to balance the intracellular redox status of symbiotic dinoflagellates, indicating their potential as antioxidant agents to improve the growth performance of symbiotic dinoflagellates in coral nursery cultivation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/md24080265","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]],"date-time":"2026-07-31T08:20:18Z","timestamp":1785486018000},"page":"265","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Evaluation of Redox-Mediated Responses of Coral Symbiotic Dinoflagellates to Nano-Selenium"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Xinyu","family":"Shan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"International Joint Research Center for Coral Reef Ecology of Hainan Province, School of Ecology, Hainan University, Haikou 570100, China"},{"name":"School of Ecology, Hainan University, Haikou 570100, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yunting","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of the Environment & Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenxin","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Joint Research Center for Coral Reef Ecology of Hainan Province, School of Ecology, Hainan University, Haikou 570100, China"},{"name":"School of Ecology, Hainan University, Haikou 570100, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mingxuan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Joint Research Center for Coral Reef Ecology of Hainan Province, School of Ecology, Hainan University, Haikou 570100, China"},{"name":"School of Ecology, Hainan University, Haikou 570100, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuangqi","family":"Yue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Joint Research Center for Coral Reef Ecology of Hainan Province, School of Ecology, Hainan University, Haikou 570100, China"},{"name":"School of Ecology, Hainan University, Haikou 570100, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fengyue","family":"Qin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Joint Research Center for Coral Reef Ecology of Hainan Province, School of Ecology, Hainan University, Haikou 570100, China"},{"name":"School of Ecology, Hainan University, Haikou 570100, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Menglu","family":"Dong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Joint Research Center for Coral Reef Ecology of Hainan Province, School of Ecology, Hainan University, Haikou 570100, China"},{"name":"School of 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