{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T05:20:28Z","timestamp":1788326428540,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]],"date-time":"2026-08-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788134400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003593","name":"CNPq","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003593","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"CAPES master\u2019s scholarship"},{"name":"PIBIC scholarship"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Mar. Drugs","Marine Drugs"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The Potiguar Basin, in Rio Grande do Norte (Northeastern Brazil), has an extensive coastline with a rich diversity of marine sponges that remain poorly explored for their biotechnological potential. In this study, three sponge species\u2014Suberites aurantiacus, Mycale (Zygomycale) angulosa, and Halichondrida\u2014were collected, and a preliminary extraction was then performed to remove the most hydrophobic fraction with n-hexane. The remaining sediment was re-extracted with chloroform and methanol (1:1), and the resulting extracts (ESUB, EMYC, and EHALI, respectively) were analyzed. Chemical characterization using Gas\u2013Liquid Chromatography\u2013Mass Spectrometry (GC\/MS) revealed distinct profiles for each genus, with the presence of alcohols, alkaloids, phenolic compounds, and lipids, mainly sterols. ESUB presented 17 identified compounds, EMYC had 15 identified and EHALI showed 15 identified. The antioxidant potential of the extracts was evaluated in vitro using DPPH radical scavenging, copper ion chelation, and total antioxidant capacity (TAC). The EC50 values (mg\/mL) for DPPH were 0.05 (ESUB), 0.14 (EMYC), and 0.06 (EHALI), while for copper chelation they were 0.03, 0.034, and 0.026, respectively. Preliminary toxicological assays indicated low toxicity, with IC50 values above 9.6 mg\/mL in human erythrocytes and Tenebrio molitor larvae, demonstrating a favorable safety profile for potential therapeutic applications. The study presents a preliminary screening of underexplored species in an equally underexplored region and supports further studies on their bioactive potential.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/md24090305","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T01:05:26Z","timestamp":1788224726000},"page":"305","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Chemical, Antioxidant and Toxicological Profile of the Tropical Marine Sponges Suberites aurantiacus, Mycale angulosa and Halichondrida from Brazil"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"24","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8495-8253","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nath\u00e1lia Cristina Lopes de","family":"Jorge","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Qu\u00edmica e Fun\u00e7\u00e3o de Prote\u00ednas Bioativas, Departamento de Bioqu\u00edmica, Centro de Bioci\u00eancias, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59072-970, RN, Brazil"},{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Microbiologia do Instituto de Medicina Tropical (IMT-UFRN), Natal 59077-080, RN, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"methodology","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"conceptualization","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"formal-analysis","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"investigation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"resources","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"writing-original-draft","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2955-8174","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paula Ivani Medeiros dos","family":"Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Qu\u00edmica e Fun\u00e7\u00e3o de Prote\u00ednas Bioativas, Departamento de Bioqu\u00edmica, Centro de Bioci\u00eancias, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59072-970, RN, Brazil"},{"name":"Instituto Federal de Educa\u00e7\u00e3o, Ci\u00eancia e Tecnologia do Rio 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