{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T20:35:59Z","timestamp":1791491759253,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":98,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,7,22]],"date-time":"2011-07-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1311292800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Marine Drugs"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Marine algae contain various bromophenols that have been shown to possess a variety of biological activities, including antioxidant, antimicrobial, anticancer, anti-diabetic, and anti-thrombotic effects. Here, we briefly review the recent progress of these marine algal biomaterials, with respect to structure, bioactivities, and their potential application as pharmaceuticals.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/md9071273","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,7,22]],"date-time":"2011-07-22T12:22:09Z","timestamp":1311337329000},"page":"1273-1292","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":253,"title":["Bromophenols in Marine Algae and Their Bioactivities"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8331-0332","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ming","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Science, Qingdao 266071, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Poul Erik","family":"Hansen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Science, Systems and Models, Roskilde University, P.O. Box 260, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiukun","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Science, Qingdao 266071, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,7,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2010.10.062","article-title":"Biological activities and potential health benefits of sulfated polysaccharides derived from marine algae","volume":"84","author":"Wijesekara","year":"2011","journal-title":"Carbohydr. Polym"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.3390\/md8020269","article-title":"Alkaloids in marine algae","volume":"8","author":"Guven","year":"2010","journal-title":"Mar. Drugs"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsps.2009.12.001","article-title":"Biological importance of marine algae","volume":"18","year":"2010","journal-title":"Saudi Pharm. J"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1185","DOI":"10.1016\/0040-4020(67)85068-3","article-title":"5,6-dibromoprotocatechualdehyde and 2,3-dibromo-4,5-dihydroxybenzyl methyl ether: new dibromophenols from Rhodomela larix","volume":"23","author":"Katsui","year":"1967","journal-title":"Tetrahedron"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1957","DOI":"10.1016\/S0031-9422(00)88854-8","article-title":"Bromo-compounds of the red alga Lenormandia prolifera","volume":"15","author":"Saenger","year":"1976","journal-title":"Phytochemistry"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2667","DOI":"10.1016\/0031-9422(75)85247-2","article-title":"Reexamination of the bromophenols in the red alga Rhodomela larix","volume":"14","author":"Weinstein","year":"1975","journal-title":"Phytochemistry"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2820","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phytochem.2008.09.007","article-title":"Potent alpha-glucosidase inhibitors purified from the red alga Grateloupia elliptica","volume":"69","author":"Kim","year":"2008","journal-title":"Phytochemistry"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"300","DOI":"10.2331\/fishsci.65.300","article-title":"Inhibitory potencies of bromophenols from Rhodomelaceae algae against \u03b1-glucosidase activity","volume":"65","author":"Kurihara","year":"1999","journal-title":"Fish Sci"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1021\/np020528c","article-title":"Bromophenols from the red alga Rhodomela confervoides","volume":"66","author":"Fan","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Nat. Prod"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"H145","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1750-3841.2010.01629.x","article-title":"Alpha-glucosidase inhibitory activity of bromophenol purified from the red alga Polyopes lancifolia","volume":"75","author":"Kim","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Food Sci"},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"882","DOI":"10.1021\/np980324p","article-title":"Two new bromophenols from the red alga Odonthalia corymbifera","volume":"62","author":"Kurihara","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Nat. Prod"},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1435","DOI":"10.1246\/cl.1977.1435","article-title":"Two new bromophenols from the red alga, Rhodomela larix","volume":"6","author":"Kurata","year":"1977","journal-title":"Chem. Lett"},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2099","DOI":"10.1246\/bcsj.53.2099","article-title":"Bromophenols from the red alga Rhodomela larix","volume":"53","author":"Suzuki","year":"1980","journal-title":"Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn"},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1032","DOI":"10.1021\/np030546+","article-title":"Bromophenol derivatives from the red alga Rhodomela confervoides","volume":"67","author":"Zhao","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Nat. Prod"},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"691","DOI":"10.1021\/np040234m","article-title":"Bromophenols coupled with derivatives of amino acids and nucleosides from the red alga Rhodomela confervoides","volume":"68","author":"Zhao","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Nat. Prod"},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.1021\/np050343g","article-title":"Bromophenols coupled with methyl gamma-ureidobutyrate and bromophenol sulfates from the red alga Rhodomela confervoides","volume":"69","author":"Ma","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Nat. Prod"},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1021\/np060400l","article-title":"Bromophenols coupled with nucleoside bases and brominated tetrahydroisoquinolines from the red alga Rhodomela confervoides","volume":"70","author":"Ma","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Nat. Prod"},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1246\/cl.1980.279","article-title":"Disodium 2,3,6-tribromo-5-hydroxybenzyl-1\u2032,4-distjlfate, a new bromophenol from the red alga, Symphyocladia latiuscula","volume":"9","author":"Kurata","year":"1980","journal-title":"Chem. Lett"},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1016\/0031-9422(80)85032-1","article-title":"Bis(2,3,6-tribromo-4,5-dihydroxybenzyl) ether from the red alga, Symphyocladia latiuscula","volume":"19","author":"Kurata","year":"1980","journal-title":"Phytochemistry"},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1705","DOI":"10.1021\/np0002278","article-title":"A cyclohexanonyl bromophenol from the red alga Symphyocladia latiuscula","volume":"63","author":"Choi","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Nat. Prod"},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1210","DOI":"10.1021\/np070061b","article-title":"Highly brominated mono- and bis-phenols from the marine red alga Symphyocladia latiuscula with radical-scavenging activity","volume":"70","author":"Duan","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Nat. Prod"},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2020","DOI":"10.1246\/bcsj.53.2020","article-title":"A new bromophenol from the red alga Polysiphonia urceolata","volume":"53","author":"Kurata","year":"1980","journal-title":"Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn"},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-969542","article-title":"Antibiotics from algae XXXVII. Rhodomelol and methylrhodomelol from Polysiphonia lanosa","volume":"51","author":"Glombitza","year":"1985","journal-title":"Planta Med"},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"555","DOI":"10.1016\/S0040-4039(00)93994-7","article-title":"Polysiphenol, a new brominated 9,10-dihydrophenanthrene from the senegalese red alga Polysyphonia ferulacea","volume":"33","author":"Aknin","year":"1992","journal-title":"Tetrahedron Lett"},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6627","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bmc.2007.08.023","article-title":"Natural bromophenols from the marine red alga Polysiphonia urceolata (Rhodomelaceae): structural elucidation and DPPH radical-scavenging activity","volume":"15","author":"Li","year":"2007","journal-title":"Bioorg. Med. Chem"},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1021\/np070281p","article-title":"Bromophenols from the marine red alga Polysiphonia urceolata with DPPH radical scavenging activity","volume":"71","author":"Li","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Nat. Prod"},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"485","DOI":"10.1016\/S0031-9422(97)00014-9","article-title":"Feeding-deterrent bromophenols from Odonthalia corymbifera","volume":"45","author":"Kurata","year":"1997","journal-title":"Phytochemistry"},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1021\/np50067a005","article-title":"Effect of a marine algal constituent on the growth of lettuce and rice seedlings","volume":"53","author":"Kubo","year":"1990","journal-title":"J. Nat. Prod"},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"851","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01922471","article-title":"Vidalols A and B, new anti-inflammatory bromophenols from the Caribbean marine red alga Vidalia obtusaloba","volume":"47","author":"Wiemer","year":"1991","journal-title":"Cell. Mol. Life Sci"},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2006-957643","article-title":"Sesquiterpene content of the antibacterial dichloromethane extract of the marine red alga Laurencia obtusa","volume":"63","author":"Konig","year":"1997","journal-title":"Planta Med"},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"620","DOI":"10.1021\/np040199j","article-title":"Structures and aldose reductase inhibitory effects of bromophenols from the red alga Symphyocladia latiuscula","volume":"68","author":"Wang","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Nat. Prod"},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sajb.2006.01.006","article-title":"Isolation and antimicrobial activity of a lanosol derivative from Osmundaria serrata (Rhodophyta) and a visual exploration of its biofilm covering","volume":"72","author":"Barreto","year":"2006","journal-title":"S. Afr. J. Bot"},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"226","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02894243","article-title":"Isolation and pharmacological activities of bromophenols from Rhodomela confervoides","volume":"23","author":"Han","year":"2005","journal-title":"Chin. J. Oceanol. Limn"},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2619","DOI":"10.1021\/jf026082n","article-title":"Seasonal variations of bromophenols in brown algae (Padina arborescens, Sargassum siliquastrum, and Lobophora variegata) collected in Hong Kong","volume":"51","author":"Chung","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Agric. Food Chem"},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1661","DOI":"10.1021\/np0400609","article-title":"Dibenzyl bromophenols with diverse dimerization patterns from the brown alga Leathesia nana","volume":"67","author":"Xu","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Nat. Prod"},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1080\/10286020310001653273","article-title":"Bromophenols from the brown alga Leathesia nana","volume":"6","author":"Xu","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Asian Nat. Prod. Res"},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1201","DOI":"10.1021\/np50097a033","article-title":"Colpol, a new cytotoxic C6-C4-C6 metabolite from the alga Colpomenia sinuosa","volume":"56","author":"Green","year":"1993","journal-title":"J. Nat. Prod"},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1007\/s00343-010-9213-0","article-title":"Antithrombotic effects of bromophenol, an alga-derived thrombin inhibitor","volume":"28","author":"Shi","year":"2010","journal-title":"Chin. J. Oceanol. Limn"},{"key":"ref_39","first-page":"661","article-title":"A new bromophenol from the brown alga Leathesia nana","volume":"15","author":"Xu","year":"2004","journal-title":"Chin. Chem. Lett"},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"743","DOI":"10.1016\/S0031-9422(00)86974-5","article-title":"Avrainvilleol, a brominated diphenylmethane derivative with feeding deterrent properties from the tropical green alga Avrainvillea longicaulis","volume":"22","author":"Sun","year":"1983","journal-title":"Phytochemistry"},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2917","DOI":"10.1016\/0031-9422(89)80253-5","article-title":"Rawsonol, an inhibitor of HMG-CoA reductase from the tropical green alga Avrainvillea rawsoni","volume":"28","author":"Carte","year":"1989","journal-title":"Phytochemistry"},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2139","DOI":"10.1016\/0031-9422(82)83071-9","article-title":"Diastereoisomers of cyclocymopol and cyclocymopol monomethyl ether from Cymopolia barbata","volume":"21","author":"McConnell","year":"1982","journal-title":"Phytochemistry"},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4115","DOI":"10.1016\/0031-9422(92)80424-D","article-title":"Debromoisocymobarbatol, a new chromanol feeding deterrent from the marine alga Cymopolia barbata","volume":"31","author":"Park","year":"1992","journal-title":"Phytochemistry"},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1016\/S0031-9422(98)00754-7","article-title":"4-Hydroxybenzoic acid: a likely precursor of 2,4,6-tribromophenol in Ulva lactuca","volume":"51","author":"Flodin","year":"1999","journal-title":"Phytochemistry"},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"368","DOI":"10.1021\/np50051a005","article-title":"5\u2032-Hydroxyisoavrainvilleol, a new diphenylmethane derivative from the tropical green alga Avrainvillea nigricans","volume":"50","author":"Colon","year":"1987","journal-title":"J. Nat. Prod"},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"947","DOI":"10.1021\/np50109a011","article-title":"Isorawsonol and related IMP dehydrogenase inhibitors from the tropical green alga Avrainvillea rawsonii","volume":"57","author":"Chen","year":"1994","journal-title":"J. Nat. Prod"},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"735","DOI":"10.1021\/np50052a028","article-title":"A new brominated monoterpenoid quinol from Cymopolia barbata","volume":"50","author":"Estrada","year":"1987","journal-title":"J. Nat. Prod"},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1092","DOI":"10.1021\/np50065a028","article-title":"Plant antimutagenic agents 7. structure and antimutagenic properties of cymobarbatol and 4-isocymbarbatol, new cymopols from green alga (Cymopolia barbata)","volume":"52","author":"Wall","year":"1989","journal-title":"J. Nat. Prod"},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2367","DOI":"10.1021\/jf981080h","article-title":"Distribution of bromophenols in species of marine algae from eastern Australia","volume":"47","author":"Whitfield","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Agric. Food Chem"},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"857","DOI":"10.1021\/np980052q","article-title":"Isolation of 2-(3\u2032-bromo-4\u2032-hydroxyphenol)ethanamine from the New Zealand ascidian Cnemidocarpa bicornuta","volume":"61","author":"Lindsay","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Nat. Prod"},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"832","DOI":"10.1021\/np9905158","article-title":"Polycitone B and prepolycitrin A: two novel alkaloids from the marine ascidian Polycitor africanus","volume":"63","author":"Rudi","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Nat. Prod"},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2680","DOI":"10.1021\/jo981881j","article-title":"Prunolides A, B, and C: novel tetraphenolic bis-spiroketals from the Australian ascidian Synoicum prunum","volume":"64","author":"Carroll","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Org. Chem"},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1384","DOI":"10.1021\/np50123a008","article-title":"Enzyme inhibitors: new and known polybrominated phenols and diphenyl ethers from four Indo-Pacific Dysidea sponges","volume":"58","author":"Fu","year":"1995","journal-title":"J. Nat. Prod"},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1102","DOI":"10.1021\/np960542n","article-title":"New brominated diphenyl ether from an unidentified species of Dysidea sponge. 13C NMR data for some brominated diphenyl ethers","volume":"59","author":"Fu","year":"1996","journal-title":"J. Nat. Prod"},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1313","DOI":"10.1021\/np970271w","article-title":"Four new bioactive polybrominated diphenyl ethers of the sponge Dysidea herbacea from West Sumatra, Indonesia","volume":"60","author":"Handayani","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Nat. Prod"},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1021\/np990343e","article-title":"Chemistry of verongida sponges. 10. Secondary metabolite composition of the caribbean sponge Verongula gigantea","volume":"63","author":"Ciminiello","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Nat. Prod"},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"464","DOI":"10.3390\/md7030464","article-title":"Antibacterial activity of 2-(2\u2032,4\u2032-dibromophenoxy)-4,6-dibromophenol from Dysidea granulosa","volume":"7","author":"Shridhar","year":"2009","journal-title":"Mar. Drugs"},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"899","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1444-2906.2001.00339.x","article-title":"Four new bioactive bromophenols from the palauan sponge Phyllospongia dendyi","volume":"67","author":"Hattori","year":"2001","journal-title":"Fisheries Sci"},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"472","DOI":"10.1021\/np0304621","article-title":"Isolation and characterization of polybrominated diphenyl ethers as inhibitors of microtubule assembly from the marine sponge Phyllospongia dendyi collected at Palau","volume":"67","author":"Liu","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Nat. Prod"},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"432","DOI":"10.1021\/np0605081","article-title":"Polybrominated diphenyl ethers from the Indonesian sponge Lamellodysidea herbacea","volume":"70","author":"Hanif","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Nat. Prod"},{"key":"ref_61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1021\/np0003544","article-title":"Spongiadioxins A and B, two new polybrominated dibenzo-p-dioxins from an Australian marine sponge Dysidea dendyi","volume":"64","author":"Utkina","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Nat. Prod"},{"key":"ref_62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1213","DOI":"10.1021\/np0106438","article-title":"Two new minor polybrominated dibenzo-p-dioxins from the marine sponge Dysidea dendyi","volume":"65","author":"Utkina","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Nat. Prod"},{"key":"ref_63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.2166\/wst.1999.0260","article-title":"Biosynthesis of bromophenols in marine algae","volume":"40","author":"Flodin","year":"1999","journal-title":"Water Sci. Technol"},{"key":"ref_64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1197","DOI":"10.1016\/S0031-9422(00)89637-5","article-title":"The involvement of hydrogen peroxide in the production of volatile halogenated compounds by Meristiella gelidium","volume":"36","author":"Ekdahl","year":"1994","journal-title":"Phytochemistry"},{"key":"ref_65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"430","DOI":"10.4319\/lo.2004.49.2.0430","article-title":"Do brominated natural products defend marine worms from consumers? Some do, most don\u2019t","volume":"49","author":"Kicklighter","year":"2004","journal-title":"Limnol. Oceanogr"},{"key":"ref_66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1221","DOI":"10.1016\/S0031-9422(03)00004-9","article-title":"Antibacterial bromophenols from the marine red alga Rhodomela confervoides","volume":"62","author":"Xu","year":"2003","journal-title":"Phytochemistry"},{"key":"ref_67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6814","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tetlet.2009.09.118","article-title":"Colensolide A: A new nitrogenous bromophenol from the New Zealand marine red alga Osmundaria colensoi","volume":"50","author":"Popplewell","year":"2009","journal-title":"Tetrahedron Lett"},{"key":"ref_68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6923","DOI":"10.1021\/jf071125r","article-title":"Inhibition of the pathogenicity of magnaporthe grisea by bromophenols, isocitrate lyase inhibitors, from the red alga Odonthalia corymbifera","volume":"55","author":"Lee","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Agric. Food Chem"},{"key":"ref_69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1445","DOI":"10.1021\/np0305268","article-title":"In-vitro cytotoxic activities of the major bromophenols of the red alga Polysiphonia lanosa and some novel synthetic isomers","volume":"67","author":"Shoeib","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Nat. Prod"},{"key":"ref_70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2476","DOI":"10.1007\/s11434-008-0353-y","article-title":"Inhibition of bromophenols against PTP1B and anti-hyperglycemic effect of Rhodomela confervoides extract in diabetic rats","volume":"53","author":"Shi","year":"2008","journal-title":"Chin. Sci. Bull"},{"key":"ref_71","first-page":"89","article-title":"Recent progess in the study of bromophenol derivatives from algae","volume":"34","author":"Guo","year":"2010","journal-title":"Mar. Sci"},{"key":"ref_72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4132","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bmcl.2010.05.068","article-title":"Synthesis and biological activity of halophenols as potent antioxidant and cytoprotective agents","volume":"20","author":"Zhao","year":"2010","journal-title":"Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett"},{"key":"ref_73","first-page":"56","article-title":"The in vitro antioxidant activities of the bromophenols from the red alga Tichocarpus crinitus and phenolic derivatives","volume":"11","author":"Lee","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Korean Magn. Reson. Soc"},{"key":"ref_74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1021\/np070421v","article-title":"Gentisyl alcohol derivatives from the marine-derived fungus Penicillium terrestre","volume":"71","author":"Chen","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Nat. Prod"},{"key":"ref_75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1547","DOI":"10.2174\/138955709790361520","article-title":"Anticancer agents derived from natural products","volume":"9","author":"Liu","year":"2009","journal-title":"Mini Rev. Med. Chem"},{"key":"ref_76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1007\/s00343-009-9119-x","article-title":"The antitumor effect of bromophenol derivatives in vitro and Leathesia nana extract in vivo","volume":"27","author":"Shi","year":"2009","journal-title":"Chin. J. Oceanol. Limn"},{"key":"ref_77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1007\/s10811-004-5508-x","article-title":"Screening marine algae from China for their antitumor activities","volume":"16","author":"Xu","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Appl. Phycol"},{"key":"ref_78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.2010.05828.x","article-title":"Challenges of antibacterial discovery revisited","volume":"1213","author":"Gwynn","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci"},{"key":"ref_79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00030-10","article-title":"Challenges of antibacterial discovery","volume":"24","author":"Silver","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin. Microbiol. Rev"},{"key":"ref_80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bmcl.2007.11.003","article-title":"Antimicrobial activities of the bromophenols from the red alga Odonthalia corymbifera and some synthetic derivatives","volume":"18","author":"Oh","year":"2008","journal-title":"Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett"},{"key":"ref_81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"945","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bmcl.2008.11.089","article-title":"Synthesis and antimicrobial activities of halogenated bis(hydroxyphenyl)methanes","volume":"19","author":"Oh","year":"2009","journal-title":"Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett"},{"key":"ref_82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6644","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bmcl.2010.09.015","article-title":"Bromophenols as Candida albicans isocitrate lyase inhibitors","volume":"20","author":"Oh","year":"2010","journal-title":"Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett"},{"key":"ref_83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1007\/s12275-011-1035-z","article-title":"In vitro antiviral activity of red alga, Polysiphonia morrowii extract and its bromophenols against fish pathogenic infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus and infectious pancreatic necrosis virus","volume":"49","author":"Kim","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Microbiol"},{"key":"ref_84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2258","DOI":"10.1248\/bpb.28.2258","article-title":"Antiviral activity of the marine alga Symphyocladia latiuscula against herpes simplex virus (HSV-1) in vitro and its therapeutic efficacy against HSV-1 infection in mice","volume":"28","author":"Park","year":"2005","journal-title":"Biol. Pharm. Bull"},{"key":"ref_85","first-page":"97","article-title":"Diabetes and herbal medicines","volume":"7","author":"Jarald","year":"2008","journal-title":"Iran. J. Pharmacol. Ther"},{"key":"ref_86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"621","DOI":"10.1016\/j.beem.2007.08.004","article-title":"Inhibition of the protein tyrosine phosphatase PTP1B: potential therapy for obesity, insulin resistance and type-2 diabetes mellitus","volume":"21","author":"Koren","year":"2007","journal-title":"Best Pract. Res. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab"},{"key":"ref_87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1007\/s00343-011-9996-7","article-title":"Synthesis of three bromophenols from red algae as PTP1B inhibitors","volume":"29","author":"Guo","year":"2011","journal-title":"Chin. J. Oceanol. Limn"},{"key":"ref_88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1329","DOI":"10.2174\/0929867033457377","article-title":"Recent studies of aldose reductase enzyme inhibition for diabetic complications","volume":"10","author":"Suzen","year":"2003","journal-title":"Curr. Med. Chem"},{"key":"ref_89","unstructured":"Liu, M, and Lin, XK (2011). Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Science, Unpublished work."},{"key":"ref_90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S579","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbiotec.2008.07.1364","article-title":"Antithrombotic effect of bromophenol, the alga-derived thrombin inhibitor","volume":"136","author":"Shi","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Biotechnol"},{"key":"ref_91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-4274(01)00469-6","article-title":"Brominated phenols: Characterization of estrogen-like activity in the human breast cancer cell-line MCF-7","volume":"129","author":"Olsen","year":"2002","journal-title":"Toxicol. Lett"},{"key":"ref_92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"879","DOI":"10.1016\/S0160-4120(03)00104-1","article-title":"Are brominated flame retardants endocrine disruptors?","volume":"29","author":"Legler","year":"2003","journal-title":"Environ. Int"},{"key":"ref_93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"635","DOI":"10.1016\/S0887-2333(03)00110-3","article-title":"Tribromophenol induces the differentiation of SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells in vitro","volume":"17","author":"Rios","year":"2003","journal-title":"Toxicol. Vitro"},{"key":"ref_94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aquatox.2005.09.004","article-title":"Bromophenols, both present in marine organisms and in industrial flame retardants, disturb cellular Ca2+ signaling in neuroendocrine cells (PC12)","volume":"76","author":"Predehl","year":"2006","journal-title":"Aquat. Toxicol"},{"key":"ref_95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aquatox.2010.07.010","article-title":"Oral exposure of adult zebrafish (Danio rerio) to 2,4,6-tribromophenol affects reproduction","volume":"100","author":"Nyholm","year":"2010","journal-title":"Aquat. Toxicol"},{"key":"ref_96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1016\/j.taap.2009.11.016","article-title":"Chronic exposure to environmental levels of tribromophenol impairs zebrafish reproduction","volume":"243","author":"Deng","year":"2010","journal-title":"Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol"},{"key":"ref_97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1007\/s00244-005-0152-2","article-title":"Toxic effects of brominated indoles and phenols on zebrafish embryos","volume":"51","author":"Kammann","year":"2006","journal-title":"Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol"},{"key":"ref_98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1211","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chembiol.2005.08.015","article-title":"Inspecting the structure-activity relationship of protein kinase CK2 inhibitors derived from tetrabromo-benzimidazole","volume":"12","author":"Battistutta","year":"2005","journal-title":"Chem. Biol"}],"container-title":["Marine Drugs"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1660-3397\/9\/7\/1273\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T21:56:51Z","timestamp":1760219811000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1660-3397\/9\/7\/1273"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2011,7,22]]},"references-count":98,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,7]]}},"alternative-id":["md9071273"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/md9071273","relation":{},"ISSN":["1660-3397"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1660-3397","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2011,7,22]]}}}