{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,18]],"date-time":"2026-04-18T04:51:00Z","timestamp":1776487860873,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,20]],"date-time":"2019-05-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1558310400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004504","name":"Lietuvos Mokslo Taryba","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MIP-103-2011"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MIP-103-2011"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004504","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Swedish federal governmental LUA\/ALF grant","award":["to Sahlgrenska University Hospital"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["to Sahlgrenska University Hospital"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Medicina"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background and objectives: Intrauterine growth restriction is thought to be implicated in long-term programming of hypothalamic\u2013pituitary\u2013adrenal axis activity. We investigated adrenal function in adolescents born small for gestational age (SGA) in relation to their postnatal growth and cardiovascular parameters. Materials and Methods: Anthropometric parameters, blood pressure, heart rate, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS), and cortisol levels were assessed in 102 adolescents aged 11\u201314 years followed from birth (47 SGA and 55 born appropriate for gestational age (AGA)). Results: Mean DHEAS levels were higher in SGA adolescents with catch-up growth (SGACU+), compared with AGA. Second-year height velocity and body mass index (BMI) gain during preschool years were positively related to DHEAS levels. Morning cortisol levels and systolic and diastolic blood pressure were higher in SGA adolescents without catch-up growth (SGACU\u2212) compared with AGA. Second-year BMI gain was inversely, and 2\u201312 years increase in subscapular skinfold thickness was directly associated with cortisol levels. Size at birth and postnatal growth explained 47.8% and 38.2% of variation in DHEAS and cortisol levels, respectively. Conclusion: Adrenal function in adolescence is affected by prenatal and postnatal growth: small size at birth with postnatal catch-up growth is related to higher DHEAS secretion, whereas increased cortisol levels and blood pressure are higher in short SGA adolescents.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina55050167","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,20]],"date-time":"2019-05-20T11:05:07Z","timestamp":1558350307000},"page":"167","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Adrenal Function in Adolescence is Related to Intrauterine and Postnatal Growth"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"55","author":[{"given":"Indr\u0117","family":"Petraitien\u0117","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, 44307 Kaunas, Lithuania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Margarita","family":"Val\u016bnien\u0117","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mother and Child\u2019s Clinic, Republican Siauliai County Hospital, 76231 Siauliai, Lithuania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kerstin","family":"Albertsson-Wikland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology\/Endocrinology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rasa","family":"Verkauskien\u0117","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, 44307 Kaunas, Lithuania"},{"name":"Institute of Endocrinology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, 44307 Kaunas, Lithuania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1210\/er.2006-0039","article-title":"Small for gestational age: Short stature and beyond","volume":"28","author":"Saenger","year":"2007","journal-title":"Endocr. 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