{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T15:55:14Z","timestamp":1791993314964,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,2]],"date-time":"2020-07-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1593648000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Medicina"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background and objectives: Sialolithiasis is an inflammation of a salivary gland due to obstruction of salivary flow by a sialolith. We aim to assess potential factors that may predict lower morbidity following endoscopically assisted per-oral sialolith removal. Materials and Methods: Retrospective cohort study. Retrospective review of 100 records of patients with sialolithiasis, following surgical sialolith removal. A single medical center (Department of oral and maxillofacial surgery-Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson &amp; Hasharon\u2013Israel) survey. Data were gleaned from the patient files based on a structured questionnaire. Factors that may predict morbidity were evaluated using linear regression equation. Results: 59 of the subjects were men and 41 were women. The mean age of the patients in the study was 50 \u00b1 17.5 years. Sialolith volume and past antibiotic treatment were positively associated while age was negatively associated with hospitalization duration. Conclusion: Early sialolith diagnosis and removal may lower postoperative morbidity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina56070332","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,3]],"date-time":"2020-07-03T06:51:20Z","timestamp":1593759080000},"page":"332","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Sialolithiasis\u2014Do Early Diagnosis and Removal Minimize Post-Operative Morbidity?"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"56","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5111-8496","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gal","family":"Avishai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Rabin Medical Center, 49414 Petach-Tikva, Israel"},{"name":"The Maurice and Gabriela Goldschleger School of Dental Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, 69978 Tel Aviv, Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yehonatan","family":"Ben-Zvi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Rabin Medical Center, 49414 Petach-Tikva, Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Omar","family":"Ghanaiem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Maurice and Gabriela Goldschleger School of Dental Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, 69978 Tel Aviv, Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9176-4978","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gavriel","family":"Chaushu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Rabin Medical Center, 49414 Petach-Tikva, Israel"},{"name":"The Maurice and Gabriela Goldschleger School of Dental Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, 69978 Tel Aviv, Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hanna","family":"Gilat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Rabin Medical Center, 69978 Petach Tikva, Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.1288\/00005537-195905000-00001","article-title":"Structure and composition of salivary calculi","volume":"59","author":"Harrill","year":"1959","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bdj.4800141a","article-title":"Symptomatic sialadenitis and sialolithiasis in the English population, an estimate of the cost of hospital treatment","volume":"186","author":"Escudier","year":"1999","journal-title":"Br. Dent. J."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1016\/S0901-5027(05)80127-4","article-title":"Sialolithiasis: A survey on 245 patients and a review of the literature","volume":"19","author":"Lustmann","year":"1990","journal-title":"Int. J. Oral. Maxillofac. Surg."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.4103\/0976-237X.111599","article-title":"Giant sialoliths of submandibular duct: Report of two cases with unusual shape","volume":"4","author":"Gupta","year":"2013","journal-title":"Contemp. Clin. Dent."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1001\/archotol.127.1.66","article-title":"Retrograde theory in sialolithiasis formation","volume":"127","author":"Marchal","year":"2001","journal-title":"Arch. Otolaryngol. Head Neck Surg."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-9969(02)00211-X","article-title":"Sialolith crystals localized intraglandularly and in the Wharton\u2019s duct of the human submandibular gland: An Xray diffraction analysis","volume":"48","author":"Teymoortash","year":"2003","journal-title":"Arch. Oral. Biol."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bdj.4801491","article-title":"Sialolithiasis: An unusually large submandibular salivary stone","volume":"193","author":"Siddiqui","year":"2003","journal-title":"Br. Dent. J."},{"key":"ref_8","first-page":"819","article-title":"Salivary gland disease: Sialolithiasis","volume":"32","author":"Williams","year":"1999","journal-title":"Otolaryngol. Clinic."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.4789","article-title":"Modern management of salivary calculi","volume":"92","author":"McGurk","year":"2005","journal-title":"Br. J. Surg."},{"key":"ref_10","first-page":"432","article-title":"Transoral removal of submandibular stones","volume":"27","author":"Zenk","year":"2011","journal-title":"Arch. Otolaryngol. Head Neck Surg."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E23","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bdj.2014.1054","article-title":"Salivary stones: Symptoms, aetiology, biochemical composition and treatment","volume":"217","author":"Kraaij","year":"2014","journal-title":"Brit. Dent. J."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1051\/mbcb\/2018039","article-title":"Management of anterior submandibular sialolithiasis","volume":"25","author":"Duong","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Oral. Med. Oral. Surg."},{"key":"ref_13","unstructured":"Rauch, S., and Gorlin, R. (1970). Diseases of the Salivary Glands. Thoma\u2019s Oral Pathology, Mosby. [6th ed.]."},{"key":"ref_14","first-page":"83","article-title":"Diagnostic work-up in obstructive and inflammatory salivary gland disorders","volume":"37","author":"Ugga","year":"2017","journal-title":"Acta Otorhinology."},{"key":"ref_15","unstructured":"Nahlieli, O., Iro, H., McGurk, M., and Zenk, J. (2007). Modern Management Preserving Salivary Gland, Isradon Publishing."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joms.2017.06.009","article-title":"Salivary calculi removal by minimally invasive techniques: A decision tree based on the diameter of the calculi and their position in the excretory duct","volume":"76","author":"Foletti","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Oral. Maxillofac. Surg."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tripleo.2005.10.063","article-title":"Symmetry of the submandibular glands in humans: A postmortem study assessing the linear morphometric parameters","volume":"102","author":"Stimec","year":"2006","journal-title":"Oral Surg. Oral Med. Oral Pathol. Oral Radiol. Endodontology"},{"key":"ref_18","unstructured":"Deburgh, E., and McGurk, M. (1995). Salivary calculi and obstructive sialoadenitis. Color Atlas and Textbook of the Salivary Glands: Diseases, Disorders and Surgery, Mosby-Wolfe."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"858","DOI":"10.1177\/0194599812452837","article-title":"Sialoendoscopy in the diagnosis and treatment of sialolithiasis: A study on more than 1000 patients","volume":"147","author":"Zenk","year":"2012","journal-title":"Otolaryngol. Head Neck Surg."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1590\/1678-775720150130","article-title":"Risk factors for postoperative complications following oral surgery","volume":"23","author":"Shigeishi","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Appl. Oral. Sci."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.1097\/01.mlg.0000249737.05840.29","article-title":"Risk factors for wound infection after surgery in primary oral cavity cancer patients","volume":"117","author":"Liu","year":"2007","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1700","DOI":"10.1245\/s10434-014-3498-8","article-title":"Statistical analysis of surgical site infection after head and neck reconstructive surgery","volume":"21","author":"Kamizono","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ann. Surg. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Isola, G., Alibrandi, A., Rapisarda, E., Matarese, G., Williams, R.C., and Leonardi, R. (2020). Association of Vitamin d in patients with periodontitis: A cross-sectional study. J. Periodontal Res., 1\u201311.","DOI":"10.1111\/jre.12746"},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Isola, G., Polizzi, A., Iorio-Siciliano, V., Alibrandi, A., Ramaglia, L., and Leonardi, R. (2020). Effectiveness of a nutraceutical agent in the non-surgical periodontal therapy: A randomized, controlled clinical trial. Clin. Oral. Investig.","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-020-03397-z"},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.20008","article-title":"Outcome of minimally invasive management of salivary calculi in 4,691 patients","volume":"119","author":"Iro","year":"2009","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"}],"container-title":["Medicina"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1648-9144\/56\/7\/332\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T09:46:31Z","timestamp":1760175991000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1648-9144\/56\/7\/332"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,2]]},"references-count":25,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,7]]}},"alternative-id":["medicina56070332"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/medicina56070332","relation":{},"ISSN":["1648-9144"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1648-9144","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,2]]}}}