{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,5]],"date-time":"2026-06-05T17:31:38Z","timestamp":1780680698442,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,29]],"date-time":"2020-10-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1603929600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2019R1A2C1083978"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019R1A2C1083978"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Medicina"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This study determined the association between periodontal disease (PD) and major lifestyle-related comorbidities (LCs) using the database of the nationwide population-based National Health Insurance Service\u2013Elderly Cohort 2002\u20132015. A nationwide representative sample comprising 558,147 participants, aged 60 years, was analyzed. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses adjusted for sociodemographic and economic factors (sex, age, household income, insurance status, health status, and living area) and major LCs (hypertension, diabetes mellitus, rheumatoid arthritis, osteoporosis, cerebral infarction, angina pectoris, myocardial infarction, erectile dysfunction, lipoprotein disorder, and obesity) were used to determine the association between PD and major LCs. Elderly participants with PD had a higher risk of major LCs (hypertension: odds ratio (OR) = 1.40, diabetes mellitus: OR = 1.22, rheumatoid arthritis: OR = 1.16, osteoporosis: OR = 1.37, erectile dysfunction: OR = 1.73, lipoprotein disorder: OR = 1.50, and obesity: OR = 1.59). Our longitudinal cohort study provided evidence that PD was significantly associated with major LCs in elderly participants. In particular, the association between PD and erectile dysfunction had the highest OR in the multivariate analyses.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina56110575","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,29]],"date-time":"2020-10-29T21:21:00Z","timestamp":1604006460000},"page":"575","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["A Population-Based Study on the Association between Periodontal Disease and Major Lifestyle-Related Comorbidities in South Korea: An Elderly Cohort Study from 2002\u20132015"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"56","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2375-0141","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jae-Hong","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontology, Daejeon Dental Hospital, Institute of Wonkwang Dental Research, College of Dentistry, Wonkwang University, Daejeon 35233, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seong-Nyum","family":"Jeong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontology, Daejeon Dental Hospital, Institute of Wonkwang Dental Research, College of Dentistry, Wonkwang University, Daejeon 35233, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Khan, S.A., Kong, E.F., Meiller, T.F., and Jabra-Rizk, M.A. (2015). Periodontal diseases: Bug induced, host promoted. PLoS Pathog., 11.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1004952"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17038","DOI":"10.1038\/nrdp.2017.38","article-title":"Periodontal diseases","volume":"3","author":"Kinane","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Dis. Primers"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.5051\/jpis.2019.49.3.158","article-title":"Association between health status and tooth loss in korean adults: Longitudinal results from the national health insurance service-health examinee cohort, 2002-2015","volume":"49","author":"Kim","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Periodontal Implant Sci."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"709","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2014.10.039","article-title":"Geroscience: Linking aging to chronic disease","volume":"159","author":"Kennedy","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1111\/jphd.12293","article-title":"Predictive data mining for diagnosing periodontal disease: The korea national health and nutrition examination surveys (knhanes v and vi) from 2010 to 2015","volume":"79","author":"Lee","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Public Health Dent."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"487","DOI":"10.4103\/0972-124X.106878","article-title":"Periodontitis and systemic diseases: A literature review","volume":"16","author":"Arigbede","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Indian Soc. Periodontol."},{"key":"ref_7","first-page":"B3-CB12","article-title":"European workshop in periodontal health and cardiovascular disease-scientific evidence on the association between periodontal and cardiovascular diseases: A review of the literature","volume":"12","author":"Sanz","year":"2010","journal-title":"Eur. Heart J. Suppl."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fiorillo, L., Cervino, G., Laino, L., D\u2019Amico, C., Mauceri, R., Tozum, T.F., Gaeta, M., and Cicciu, M. (2019). Porphyromonas gingivalis, periodontal and systemic implications: A systematic review. Dent. J., 7.","DOI":"10.3390\/dj7040114"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Isola, G., Polizzi, A., Patini, R., Ferlito, S., Alibrandi, A., and Palazzo, G. (2020). Association among serum and salivary a. Actinomycetemcomitans specific immunoglobulin antibodies and periodontitis. BMC Oral Health, 20.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12903-020-01258-5"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"350","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0765.2006.00882.x","article-title":"Periodontal pathogens in atheromatous plaques isolated from patients with chronic periodontitis","volume":"41","author":"Padilla","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Periodontal Res."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4256","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.00498-15","article-title":"Gingipains from the periodontal pathogen porphyromonas gingivalis play a significant role in regulation of angiopoietin 1 and angiopoietin 2 in human aortic smooth muscle cells","volume":"83","author":"Zhang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Infect. Immun."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Isola, G., Alibrandi, A., Curro, M., Matarese, M., Ricca, S., Matarese, G., Ientile, R., and Kocher, T. (2020). Evaluation of salivary and serum adma levels in patients with periodontal and cardiovascular disease as subclinical marker of cardiovascular risk. J. Periodontol.","DOI":"10.1002\/JPER.19-0446"},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Isola, G., Polizzi, A., Iorio-Siciliano, V., Alibrandi, A., Ramaglia, L., and Leonardi, R. (2020). Effectiveness of a nutraceutical agent in the non-surgical periodontal therapy: A randomized, controlled clinical trial. Clin. Oral Investig.","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-020-03397-z"},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"i5953","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.i5953","article-title":"Association between prediabetes and risk of cardiovascular disease and all cause mortality: Systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"355","author":"Huang","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e016640","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2017-016640","article-title":"Cohort profile: The national health insurance service-national health screening cohort (nhis-heals) in korea","volume":"7","author":"Seong","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1607","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2006.069001","article-title":"Guidelines for the management of patients with periodontal diseases","volume":"77","author":"Krebs","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Periodontol."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1567","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000001567","article-title":"Association of lifestyle-related comorbidities with periodontitis: A nationwide cohort study in korea","volume":"94","author":"Lee","year":"2015","journal-title":"Medicine (Baltimore)"},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e7398","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000007398","article-title":"Association between periodontal disease and non-communicable diseases: A 12-year longitudinal health-examinee cohort study in south korea","volume":"96","author":"Lee","year":"2017","journal-title":"Medicine (Baltimore)"},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1375","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2000.71.8.1375","article-title":"Pathophysiological relationships between periodontitis and systemic disease: Recent concepts involving serum lipids","volume":"71","author":"Iacopino","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Periodontol."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2007.01798.x","article-title":"Relationship between periodontal infections and systemic disease","volume":"13","author":"Seymour","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin. Microbiol. Infect."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1038\/nri3785","article-title":"Periodontitis: From microbial immune subversion to systemic inflammation","volume":"15","author":"Hajishengallis","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0757.2002.290109.x","article-title":"Global risk factors and risk indicators for periodontal diseases","volume":"29","author":"Albandar","year":"2002","journal-title":"Periodontol. 2000"},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2006.06.010","article-title":"Prevalence and risk factors for erectile dysfunction in the us","volume":"120","author":"Selvin","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am. J. Med."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"338","DOI":"10.1177\/1557988316639050","article-title":"Association between periodontal disease and erectile dysfunction: A systematic review","volume":"12","author":"Kellesarian","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am. J. Mens Health"},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsxm.2018.11.007","article-title":"Updated evidence of association between periodontal disease and incident erectile dysfunction","volume":"16","author":"Zhou","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Sex Med."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"707","DOI":"10.1016\/0030-4220(77)90055-X","article-title":"Influence of obesity and hypertension on the severity of periodontitis in rats","volume":"43","author":"Perlstein","year":"1977","journal-title":"Oral Surg. Oral Med. Oral Pathol."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1708","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2010.100321","article-title":"Association between chronic periodontal disease and obesity: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"81","author":"Chaffee","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Periodontol."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"766","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2015.140589","article-title":"Association between periodontal disease and overweight and obesity: A systematic review","volume":"86","author":"Keller","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Periodontol."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2016.07.018","article-title":"Association between periodontitis and arterial hypertension: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"180","author":"Seelam","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am. Heart J."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1111\/idj.12264","article-title":"Periodontal disease and the metabolic syndrome","volume":"67","author":"Lamster","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int. Dent. J."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3492","DOI":"10.4103\/jfmpc.jfmpc_866_19","article-title":"Metabolic syndrome and periodontal disease: An overview for physicians","volume":"8","author":"Srivastava","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Family Med. Prim. Care"},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1111\/prd.12326","article-title":"The association of periodontal diseases with metabolic syndrome and obesity","volume":"83","author":"Jepsen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Periodontol. 2000"},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1024449603891","article-title":"Lipoprotein disorders and cardiovascular risk","volume":"26","author":"Genest","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Inherit. Metab. Dis."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"667","DOI":"10.1016\/j.archoralbio.2014.11.008","article-title":"Interrelationship between diabetes and periodontitis: Role of hyperlipidemia","volume":"60","author":"Zhou","year":"2015","journal-title":"Arch. Oral Biol."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-011-2342-y","article-title":"Periodontitis and diabetes: A two-way relationship","volume":"55","author":"Preshaw","year":"2012","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1111\/1744-1609.12038","article-title":"Periodontitis and type ii diabetes: A two-way relationship","volume":"11","author":"Chee","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int. J. Evid. Based Healthc."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Choi, J.K., Kim, Y.T., Kweon, H.I., Park, E.C., Choi, S.H., and Lee, J.H. (2017). Effect of periodontitis on the development of osteoporosis: Results from a nationwide population-based cohort study (2003\u20132013). BMC Womens Health, 17.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12905-017-0440-9"},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1902\/annals.2001.6.1.197","article-title":"Periodontal diseases and osteoporosis: Association and mechanisms","volume":"6","year":"2001","journal-title":"Ann. Periodontol."},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"523","DOI":"10.3109\/13697137.2010.500749","article-title":"Periodontitis and osteoporosis: A systematic review","volume":"13","author":"Machuca","year":"2010","journal-title":"Climacteric"},{"key":"ref_40","first-page":"256","article-title":"Relationship between osteoporosis and periodontal disease: Review of the literature","volume":"9","author":"Esfahanian","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Dent. (Tehran)"},{"key":"ref_41","first-page":"151","article-title":"Osteoporosis and periodontitis in postmenopausal women: A systematic review","volume":"8","author":"Goyal","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Midlife Health"},{"key":"ref_42","first-page":"1759720X19858514","article-title":"Does periodontitis represent a risk factor for rheumatoid arthritis? A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"11","author":"Magno","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ther. Adv. Musculoskelet. Dis."},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2907062","DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/2907062","article-title":"Are there any common genetic risk markers for rheumatoid arthritis and periodontal diseases? A case-control study","volume":"2019","author":"Schulz","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mediators Inflamm."},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8379","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-44674-6","article-title":"Oral microbial dysbiosis linked to worsened periodontal condition in rheumatoid arthritis patients","volume":"9","author":"Correa","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1111","DOI":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2012.07.007","article-title":"Complement and dysbiosis in periodontal disease","volume":"217","author":"Hajishengallis","year":"2012","journal-title":"Immunobiology"},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E132","DOI":"10.5888\/pcd16.180641","article-title":"Current knowledge on correlations between highly prevalent dental conditions and chronic diseases: An umbrella review","volume":"16","author":"Seitz","year":"2019","journal-title":"Prev. Chronic Dis."},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1024\/0301-1526\/a000512","article-title":"Peripheral artery disease is associated with high in-hospital mortality particularly in males with acute myocardial infarction in a nationwide real-world setting","volume":"45","author":"Freisinger","year":"2016","journal-title":"VASA"},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"743","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.1995.tb00256.x","article-title":"Smoking and periodontal disease severity","volume":"22","author":"Lorca","year":"1995","journal-title":"J. Clin. Periodontol."},{"key":"ref_49","first-page":"922","article-title":"Effects of smoking on the prevalence and severity of periodontal disease","volume":"118","author":"Tanur","year":"2001","journal-title":"Tex. Dent. J."},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1731","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2003.12.047","article-title":"The pathophysiology of cigarette smoking and cardiovascular disease: An update","volume":"43","author":"Ambrose","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Am. Coll. Cardiol."}],"container-title":["Medicina"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1648-9144\/56\/11\/575\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T10:26:43Z","timestamp":1760178403000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1648-9144\/56\/11\/575"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,29]]},"references-count":50,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,11]]}},"alternative-id":["medicina56110575"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/medicina56110575","relation":{},"ISSN":["1648-9144"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1648-9144","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,29]]}}}