{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,5]],"date-time":"2026-02-05T07:01:17Z","timestamp":1770274877915,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,11]],"date-time":"2021-03-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1615420800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Medicina"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Renal biopsy is useful to better understand the histological pattern of a lesion (glomerular, tubulointerstitial, and vascular) and the pathogenesis that leads to kidney failure. The potential impact of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) on the kidneys is still undetermined, and a variety of lesions are seen in the kidney tissue of coronavirus disease patients. This review is based on the morphological findings of patients described in case reports and a series of published cases. A search was conducted on MEDLINE and PubMed of case reports and case series of lesions in the presence of non-critical infection by SARS-CoV-2 published until 15\/09\/2020. We highlight the potential of the virus directly influencing the damage or the innate and adaptive immune response activating cytokine and procoagulant cascades, in addition to the genetic component triggering glomerular diseases, mainly collapsing focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, tubulointerstitial, and even vascular diseases. Kidney lesions caused by SARS-CoV-2 are frequent and have an impact on morbidity and mortality; thus, studies are needed to assess the morphological kidney changes and their mechanisms and may help define their spectrum and immediate or long-term impact.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina57030258","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,11]],"date-time":"2021-03-11T20:17:40Z","timestamp":1615493860000},"page":"258","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Renal Morphology in Coronavirus Disease: A Literature Review"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"57","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3773-1969","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Patrick","family":"de Oliveira","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Nephrology Service, Onofre Lopes University Hospital, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59066-230, RN, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kaile","family":"Cunha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Hospital of Federal University of Maranh\u00e3o, S\u00e3o Luis 65020-070, MA, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1089-6763","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Precil","family":"Neves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nephrology Division, University of S\u00e3o Paulo Medical School, S\u00e3o Paulo 05403-000, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4550-2341","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Monique","family":"Muniz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Hospital of Federal University of Maranh\u00e3o, S\u00e3o Luis 65020-070, MA, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6587-5949","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giuseppe","family":"Gatto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nephrology Service, University Hospital of Bras\u00edlia, Bras\u00edlia 70840-901, DF, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Natalino","family":"Salgado Filho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Hospital of Federal University of Maranh\u00e3o, S\u00e3o Luis 65020-070, MA, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Felipe","family":"Guedes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nephrology Service, Onofre Lopes University Hospital, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59066-230, RN, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gyl","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Patology Department, Ribeir\u00e3o Preto Medical School, University of S\u00e3o Paulo, Ribeir\u00e3o Preto 14049-900, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1016\/j.xkme.2020.05.005","article-title":"COVID-19-Associated Collapsing Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis: A Report of 2 Cases","volume":"2","author":"Sharma","year":"2020","journal-title":"Kidney Med."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1016\/j.kint.2020.04.003","article-title":"Renal Histopathological Analysis of 26 Postmortem Findings of Patients with COVID-19 in China","volume":"98","author":"Su","year":"2020","journal-title":"Kidney Int."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1016\/j.kint.2020.05.004","article-title":"Visualization of Putative Coronavirus in Kidney","volume":"98","author":"Miller","year":"2020","journal-title":"Kidney Int."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"590","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMc2011400","article-title":"Multiorgan and Renal Tropism of SARS-CoV-2","volume":"383","author":"Puelles","year":"2020","journal-title":"N. 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