{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,15]],"date-time":"2026-07-15T02:57:40Z","timestamp":1784084260898,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,28]],"date-time":"2021-08-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1630108800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008127","name":"DePuy Synthes Spine","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RXMU 07\u2013EXT"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RXMU 07\u2013EXT"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008127","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Medicina"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background and Objectives: Hip fractures constitute the most debilitating complication of osteoporosis with steadily increasing incidences in the aging population. Their intramedullary nailing can be challenging because of poor anchorage in the osteoporotic femoral head. Cement augmentation of Proximal Femoral Nail Antirotation (PFNA) blades demonstrated promising results by enhancing cut-out resistance in proximal femoral fractures. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of augmentation on the fixation strength of TFN-ADVANCEDTM Proximal Femoral Nailing System (TFNA) blades and screws within the femoral head and compare its effect when they are implanted in centre or anteroposterior off-centre position. Materials and Methods: Eight groups were formed out of 96 polyurethane low-density foam specimens simulating isolated femoral heads with poor bone quality. The specimens in each group were implanted with either non-augmented or cement-augmented TFNA blades or screws in centre or anteroposterior off-centre positions, 7 mm anterior or posterior. Mechanical testing was performed under progressively increasing cyclic loading until failure, in setup simulating an unstable pertrochanteric fracture with a lack of posteromedial support and load sharing at the fracture gap. Varus-valgus and head rotation angles were monitored. A varus collapse of 5\u00b0 or 10\u00b0 head rotation was defined as a clinically relevant failure. Results: Failure load (N) for specimens with augmented TFNA head elements (screw\/blade centre: 3799 \u00b1 326\/3228 \u00b1 478; screw\/blade off-centre: 2680 \u00b1 182\/2591 \u00b1 244) was significantly higher compared with respective non-augmented specimens (screw\/blade centre: 1593 \u00b1 120\/1489 \u00b1 41; screw\/blade off-centre: 515 \u00b1 73\/1018 \u00b1 48), p &lt; 0.001. For both non-augmented and augmented specimens failure load in the centre position was significantly higher compared with the respective off-centre positions, regardless of the head element type, p &lt; 0.001. Augmented off-centre TFNA head elements had significantly higher failure load compared with non-augmented centrally placed implants, p &lt; 0.001. Conclusions: Cement augmentation clearly enhances the fixation stability of TFNA blades and screws. Non-augmented blades outperformed screws in the anteroposterior off-centre position. Positioning of TFNA blades in the femoral head is more forgiving than TFNA screws in terms of failure load.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina57090899","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,30]],"date-time":"2021-08-30T22:49:51Z","timestamp":1630363791000},"page":"899","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Impact of Bone Cement Augmentation on the Fixation Strength of TFNA Blades and Screws"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"57","author":[{"given":"An","family":"Sermon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Traumatology, University Hospitals Gasthuisberg, 3000 Leuven, Belgium"},{"name":"Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7776-0962","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ladina","family":"Hofmann-Fliri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"AO Research Institute Davos, 7270 Davos, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0484-887X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ivan","family":"Zderic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"AO Research Institute Davos, 7270 Davos, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2143-2924","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yash","family":"Agarwal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SYNBONE SDN BHD, Kulai 81000, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simon","family":"Scherrer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"DePuy Synthes Trauma, 4528 Zuchwil, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andr\u00e9","family":"Weber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"DePuy Synthes Trauma, 4528 Zuchwil, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"Altmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"DePuy Synthes Trauma, 4528 Zuchwil, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9166-0965","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matthias","family":"Knobe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Trauma Surgery, Cantonal Hospital Lucerne, 6000 Lucerne, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8077-6914","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Markus","family":"Windolf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"AO Research Institute Davos, 7270 Davos, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9795-115X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Boyko","family":"Gueorguiev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"AO Research Institute Davos, 7270 Davos, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mayocp.2014.09.011","article-title":"Burden of Illness for Osteoporotic Fractures Compared With Other Serious Diseases Among Postmenopausal Women in the United States","volume":"90","author":"Singer","year":"2015","journal-title":"Mayo Clin. 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