{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,5]],"date-time":"2026-11-05T23:42:45Z","timestamp":1793922165008,"version":"4.8.0"},"reference-count":8,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,19]],"date-time":"2021-09-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1632009600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003243","name":"Ministerstvo Zdravotnictv\u00ed Cesk\u00e9 Republiky","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MZCR - RVO \u2013 FNOs\/2017"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MZCR - RVO \u2013 FNOs\/2017"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003243","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Medicina"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background and Objectives: In patients with orbital floor blowout fracture (OFBF), accurate diagnosis of ocular motility disorder is important for decisions about conservative or surgical therapy. However, the accuracy of the traditional test for detecting binocular diplopia\/ocular motility disorder using a moving pencil or finger (hereinafter, \u201cfinger test\u201d) has been generally accepted as correct and has not been subject to scrutiny so far. Hence, its accuracy relative to full orthoptic examination is unknown. Materials and Methods: In this paper, the results of the \u201cfinger test\u201d were compared with those derived from a complex examination by orthoptic tests (considered \u201ctrue\u201d value in patients with OFBF). Results: \u201cFinger test\u201d detected ocular motility disorder in 23% of patients while the full orthoptic examination proved much more efficient, detecting ocular motility disorder in 65% of patients. Lancaster screen test and test with color filters were the most important tests in the battery of the orthoptic tests, capable of identifying 97.7% and 95.3% of patients with ocular motility disorder, respectively. Still, none of the tests were able to correctly detect all patients with ocular motility disorder in itself. Conclusions: As the presence of ocular motility disorder\/binocular diplopia is an important indication criterion for the surgical solution of the orbital floor blowout fracture, we conclude that a complex orthoptic evaluation should be always performed in these patients.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina57090989","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,21]],"date-time":"2021-09-21T22:34:01Z","timestamp":1632263641000},"page":"989","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Detecting Binocular Diplopia in Orbital Floor Blowout Fractures: Superiority of the Orthoptic Approach"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"57","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0767-0552","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juraj","family":"Timkovic","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Ostrava, 17. Listopadu 1790\/5, 708 52 Ostrava, Czech Republic"},{"name":"Department of Craniofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava, 703 00 Ostrava, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiri","family":"Stransky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Craniofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava, 703 00 Ostrava, Czech Republic"},{"name":"Clinic of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Ostrava, 708 52 Ostrava, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Petr","family":"Handlos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Forensic Medicine, University Hospital Ostrava, 708 52 Ostrava, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0682-4521","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jaroslav","family":"Janosek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Health Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava, 703 00 Ostrava, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9608-1276","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hana","family":"Tomaskova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava, 703 00 Ostrava, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jan","family":"Stembirek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Craniofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava, 703 00 Ostrava, Czech Republic"},{"name":"Clinic of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Ostrava, 708 52 Ostrava, Czech Republic"},{"name":"Laboratory of Molecular Morphogenesis, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics CAS, 602 00 Brno, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjoms.2009.04.028","article-title":"Blow-out Fractures: Patterns of Ocular Motility and Effect of Surgical Repair","volume":"48","author":"Gosse","year":"2010","journal-title":"Br. 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Surg."},{"key":"ref_5","first-page":"274","article-title":"When Should an Orthoptic Evaluation Be Prescribed in the Management of Orbital Floor Fracture? A Prospective Study of 47 Fractures","volume":"115","author":"Laurentjoye","year":"2014","journal-title":"Rev. Stomatol. Chir. Maxillofac. Chir. Orale"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2043","DOI":"10.1097\/SCS.0000000000003192","article-title":"Postoperative Improvement of Diplopia and Extraocular Muscle Movement in Patients With Reconstructive Surgeries for Orbital Floor Fractures","volume":"27","author":"Liu","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Craniofac. Surg."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2014.11.001","article-title":"Reconstruction of orbital floor blow-out fractures with autogenous iliac crest bone: A retrospective study including maxillofacial and ophthalmology perspectives","volume":"43","author":"Hartnett","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Craniomaxillofac. Surg."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2010.03.007","article-title":"Treatment with individual orbital wall implants in humans\u20141-Year ophthalmologic evaluation","volume":"39","author":"Kozakiewicz","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Craniomaxillofac. Surg."}],"container-title":["Medicina"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1648-9144\/57\/9\/989\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T07:02:13Z","timestamp":1760166133000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1648-9144\/57\/9\/989"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,19]]},"references-count":8,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,9]]}},"alternative-id":["medicina57090989"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/medicina57090989","relation":{},"ISSN":["1648-9144"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1648-9144","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,19]]}}}