{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,6]],"date-time":"2026-11-06T21:45:28Z","timestamp":1794001528906,"version":"4.8.0"},"reference-count":95,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,17]],"date-time":"2021-10-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1634428800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Medicina"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Given the progressive ageing of Western populations, the fragility fractures market has a growing socioeconomic impact. Fragility fractures are common in the elderly, negatively impacting their quality of life, limiting autonomy, increasing disability, and decreasing life expectancy. Different causes contribute to the development of a fractures in frail individuals. Among all, targeting fragile patients before the development of a fracture may represent the greatest challenge, and current diagnostic tools suffer from limitations. This study summarizes the current evidence on the management of fragility fractures, discussing risk factors, prevention, diagnosis, and actual limitations of the clinical therapeutic options, putting forward new ideas for further scientific investigation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina57101119","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,17]],"date-time":"2021-10-17T23:05:47Z","timestamp":1634511947000},"page":"1119","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":205,"title":["Fragility Fractures: Risk Factors and Management in the Elderly"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"57","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7220-1221","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Filippo","family":"Migliorini","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics, Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1067-7424","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Riccardo","family":"Giorgino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Residency Program in Orthopedics and Traumatology, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Frank","family":"Hildebrand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics, Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3710-7982","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Filippo","family":"Spiezia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Ospedale San Carlo Potenza, Via Potito Petrone, 85100 Potenza, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9341-7187","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giuseppe Maria","family":"Peretti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy"},{"name":"IRCCS Orthopedic Institute Galeazzi, 20161 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5506-8323","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mario","family":"Alessandri-Bonetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J\u00f6rg","family":"Eschweiler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics, Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5327-3702","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicola","family":"Maffulli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy"},{"name":"School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Keele University Faculty of Medicine, Thornburrow Drive, Stoke-on-Trent ST4 7QB, UK"},{"name":"Centre for Sports and Exercise Medicine, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Hospital, London E1 4DG, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S3","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-004-1702-6","article-title":"Epidemiology of Osteoporotic Fractures","volume":"16","author":"Johnell","year":"2005","journal-title":"Osteoporos. 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