{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T18:08:51Z","timestamp":1791828531113,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":65,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,25]],"date-time":"2022-01-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1643068800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Iuliu Ha\u021bieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy","award":["1300\/42\/13.01.2017."],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1300\/42\/13.01.2017."]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Medicina"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background and Objectives: Celiac disease (CD) is an immune-mediated enteropathy with characteristic intestinal alterations. CD occurs as a chronic inflammation secondary to gluten sensitivity in genetically susceptible individuals. Until now, the exact cause of the disease has not been established, which is why new studies have appeared that address the involvement of various genes and microRNAs (miRNAs) in the pathogenesis. The aim of the study is to describe the expression of selected genes (Wnt family member 3, WNT3; Wnt family member 11, WNT11; tumor necrosis factor alpha, TNF\u03b1; mitogen-activated protein kinase 1, MAPK1; AKT serine\/threonine kinase 3, AKT3; phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha, PIK3CA; and cyclin D1, CCND1) and miRNAs (miR-192-5p, miR-194-5p, miR-449a and miR-638) in adult patients with CD. Materials and Methods: In total, 15 patients with CD at diagnosis (newly diagnosed), 33 patients on a gluten-free diet (GFD) for at least 1 year and 10 controls (control) were prospectively included. Blood samples were evaluated by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Results: The results show that TNF\u03b1, MAPK1 and CCND1 were significantly overexpressed (p = 0.0249, p = 0.0019 and p = 0.0275, respectively) when comparing the newly diagnosed group to the controls. The other genes studied in CD patients were mostly with high values compared to controls, without reaching statistical significance. Among the miRNAs, the closest to a statistically significant value was miR-194-5p when the newly diagnosed group versus control (p = 0.0510) and GFD group versus control (p = 0.0671) were compared. The DIANA and miRNet databases identified significant functional activity for miR-449a and miR-192-5p and an interconnection of miR-194-5p and miR-449a with CCND1. Conclusions: In conclusion, genes and circulating miRNAs require further studies as they could represent important biomarkers in clinical practice.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina58020180","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,25]],"date-time":"2022-01-25T20:40:18Z","timestamp":1643143218000},"page":"180","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Expression of Selected Genes and Circulating microRNAs in Patients with Celiac Disease"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"58","author":[{"given":"Elena Maria","family":"Domsa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"4th Medical Clinic, Department 5-Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, \u201cIuliu Hatieganu\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5828-1325","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ioana","family":"Berindan-Neagoe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Center for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, \u201cIuliu Hatieganu\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400337 Cluj-Napoca, Romania"},{"name":"MedFUTURE, Research Center for Advanced Medicine, \u201cIuliu Hatieganu\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400337 Cluj-Napoca, Romania"},{"name":"Department of Functional Genomics and Experimental Pathology, The Oncology Institute \u201cProf. Dr. Ion Chiricuta\u201d, 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5725-662X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Livia","family":"Budisan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Center for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, \u201cIuliu Hatieganu\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400337 Cluj-Napoca, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3055-4747","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cornelia","family":"Braicu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Center for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, \u201cIuliu Hatieganu\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400337 Cluj-Napoca, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ioana","family":"Para","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"4th Medical Clinic, Department 5-Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, \u201cIuliu Hatieganu\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alina Ioana","family":"Tantau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"4th Medical Clinic, Department 5-Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, \u201cIuliu Hatieganu\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Olga Hilda","family":"Orasan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"4th Medical Clinic, Department 5-Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, \u201cIuliu Hatieganu\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lidia","family":"Ciobanu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"3rd Medical Clinic, Department 5-Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, \u201cIuliu Hatieganu\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400162 Cluj-Napoca, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Teodora Atena","family":"Pop","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"3rd Medical Clinic, Department 5-Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, \u201cIuliu Hatieganu\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400162 Cluj-Napoca, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7447-4925","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gabriela Adriana","family":"Filip","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, \u201cIuliu Hatieganu\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicoleta","family":"Leach","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"4th Medical Clinic, Department 5-Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, \u201cIuliu Hatieganu\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vasile","family":"Negrean","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"4th Medical Clinic, Department 5-Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, \u201cIuliu Hatieganu\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3362-4368","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniela","family":"Matei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"3rd Medical Clinic, Department 5-Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, \u201cIuliu Hatieganu\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400162 Cluj-Napoca, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vasile","family":"Andreica","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"3rd Medical Clinic, Department 5-Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, \u201cIuliu Hatieganu\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400162 Cluj-Napoca, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1877","DOI":"10.1007\/s10620-020-06081-0","article-title":"MicroRNAs in Celiac Disease Diagnosis: A miR Curiosity or Game-Changer?","volume":"65","author":"Giuffrida","year":"2020","journal-title":"Dig. 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