{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T02:46:52Z","timestamp":1760150812404,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,26]],"date-time":"2022-01-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1643155200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Medicina"],"abstract":"<jats:p>A diverse range of inflammatory dermatoses are characterized by vesicles or bullae [...]<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina58020186","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,26]],"date-time":"2022-01-26T11:02:53Z","timestamp":1643194973000},"page":"186","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Vesiculobullous Diseases"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"58","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3318-0143","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Simo","family":"Huang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sylvia","family":"Hsu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0562-0826","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kiran","family":"Motaparthi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL 32606, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1996","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(16)30378-6","article-title":"Severe cutaneous adverse reactions to drugs","volume":"390","author":"Duong","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"539","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.1995.01690170041005","article-title":"Erythema multiforme with mucous membrane involvement and Stevens-Johnson syndrome are clinically different disorders with distinct causes","volume":"131","author":"Assier","year":"1995","journal-title":"Arch. Dermatol."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"889","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-4632.2011.05348.x","article-title":"Clinical features, diagnosis, and treatment of erythema multiforme: A review for the practicing dermatologist","volume":"51","author":"Sokumbi","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int. J. Dermatol."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.4065\/mcp.2009.0379","article-title":"Clinical, etiologic, and histopathologic features of Stevens-Johnson syndrome during an 8-year period at Mayo Clinic","volume":"85","author":"Wetter","year":"2010","journal-title":"Mayo Clin. Proc."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"316","DOI":"10.1097\/ACI.0b013e32832cda4c","article-title":"Fixed drug eruption: Pathogenesis and diagnostic tests","volume":"9","author":"Shiohara","year":"2009","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Allergy Clin. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"669","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.12012","article-title":"Is there an emergent need to modify the desmoglein compensation theory in pemphigus on the basis of Dsg ELISA data and alternative pathogenic mechanisms?","volume":"168","author":"Sardana","year":"2013","journal-title":"Br. J. Dermatol."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.2340\/00015555-0819","article-title":"Serological Studies in Bullous Pemphigoid: A Literature Review of Antibody Titers at Presentation and in Clinical Remission","volume":"90","author":"Leuci","year":"2010","journal-title":"Acta Derm. Venereol."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2020.03.015","article-title":"Clinical and histopathologic features differentiating acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis and pustular psoriasis: A retrospective series","volume":"83","author":"Isom","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Am. Acad. Dermatol."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1016\/j.det.2011.03.012","article-title":"Diagnosis and Clinical Features of Pemphigus Foliaceus","volume":"29","author":"James","year":"2011","journal-title":"Dermatol. Clin."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"a180","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.a180","article-title":"Bullous pemphigoid and pemphigus vulgaris--incidence and mortality in the UK: Population based cohort study","volume":"337","author":"Langan","year":"2008","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1259","DOI":"10.2147\/CMAR.S163391","article-title":"Severe cutaneous adverse reactions induced by targeted anticancer therapies and immunotherapies","volume":"10","author":"Chen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cancer Manag. Res."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0560.2001.028003113.x","article-title":"Acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis (AGEP)\u2014A clinical reaction pattern","volume":"28","author":"Sidoroff","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Cutan. Pathol."},{"key":"ref_13","first-page":"5056","article-title":"Pemphigus vulgaris\u2014Approach and management (Review)","volume":"18","author":"Popescu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Exp. Ther. Med."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.14408","article-title":"Laboratory diagnosis of pemphigus: Direct immunofluorescence remains the gold standard","volume":"175","author":"Giurdanella","year":"2016","journal-title":"Br. J. Dermatol."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1133","DOI":"10.1111\/cup.14004","article-title":"Paraneoplastic pemphigus: Revised diagnostic criteria based on literature analysis","volume":"48","author":"Svoboda","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Cutan. Pathol."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1590\/abd1806-4841.2019940208","article-title":"Consensus on the treatment of autoimmune bullous dermatoses: Dermatitis herpetiformis and linear IgA bullous dermatosis\u2014Brazilian Society of Dermatology","volume":"94","author":"Vale","year":"2019","journal-title":"An. Bras. Dermatol."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"867","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.13717","article-title":"Management of bullous pemphigoid: The European Dermatology Forum consensus in collaboration with the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology","volume":"172","author":"Feliciani","year":"2015","journal-title":"Br. J. Dermatol."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1900","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.16752","article-title":"Updated S2K guidelines on the management of pemphigus vulgaris and foliaceus initiated by the european academy of dermatology and venereology (EADV)","volume":"34","author":"Joly","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Eur. Acad. Dermatol. Venereol."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1001\/jamadermatol.2014.2421","article-title":"First-line Treatment of Pemphigus Vulgaris with a Combination of Rituximab and High-Potency Topical Corticosteroids","volume":"151","author":"Cosnes","year":"2015","journal-title":"JAMA Dermatol."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1343","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.1884","article-title":"Granulysin is a key mediator for disseminated keratinocyte death in Stevens-Johnson syndrome and Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis","volume":"14","author":"Chung","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e12832","DOI":"10.1111\/dth.12832","article-title":"Rapid remission of Stevens-Johnson syndrome by combination therapy using etanercept and intravenous immunoglobulin and a review of the literature","volume":"32","author":"Wang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Dermatol. Ther."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"390","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2020.08.122","article-title":"Treating toxic epidermal necrolysis with systemic im-munomodulating therapies: A systematic review and network meta-analysis","volume":"84","author":"Tsai","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Am. Acad. Dermatol."}],"container-title":["Medicina"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1648-9144\/58\/2\/186\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T22:08:16Z","timestamp":1760134096000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1648-9144\/58\/2\/186"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,26]]},"references-count":22,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2]]}},"alternative-id":["medicina58020186"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/medicina58020186","relation":{},"ISSN":["1648-9144"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"1648-9144"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,26]]}}}