{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T04:55:11Z","timestamp":1787028911817,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,6]],"date-time":"2022-02-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1644105600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004663","name":"Ministry of Science and Technology of Taiwan","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MOST 104-2314-B-002 -098 -MY3"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MOST 104-2314-B-002 -098 -MY3"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004663","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Medicina"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background and Objectives: Overactive bladder (OAB) is a serious urination-related symptom of unknown pathogenesis that affects one\u2019s everyday activities. The objective of this study was to examine how OAB prevalence, symptom severity, and degree of distress caused by OAB symptoms evolved throughout the course of pregnancy. Materials and Methods: A total of 659 pregnant women were recruited from 2015 to 2020, and were evaluated through the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire-Overactive Bladder (ICIQ-OAB) on OAB symptoms, administered in the early, middle, and late stages of pregnancy. Results: Generalized estimating equation analysis revealed that the odds of OAB occurring in the middle and late stages of pregnancy were 1.90 and 2.33 times higher, respectively, than in early pregnancy. The corresponding odds for OAB-wet were 1.63 and 2.07 higher, respectively, and the odds of OAB-dry occurring during late pregnancy were 0.80 higher than during early pregnancy. Symptoms were more severe by 0.07 and 0.21 points (on a 4-point scale) in the middle and late stages of pregnancy, respectively, than in early pregnancy; distress was greater by 0.13 and 0.27 points (on a 10-point scale) in the middle and late stages of pregnancy, respectively, than in early pregnancy. The prevalence of OAB, OAB-dry, and OAB-wet was significantly higher in early pregnancy than pre-pregnancy. Conclusions: The prevalence of OAB and OAB-wet increased over the course of pregnancy, but the prevalence of OAB-dry decreased. Furthermore, symptom severity and degree of distress increased over time.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina58020243","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,6]],"date-time":"2022-02-06T20:38:40Z","timestamp":1644179920000},"page":"243","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Overactive Bladder during Pregnancy: A Prospective Longitudinal Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"58","author":[{"given":"Hung-Ju","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nursing, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei 114, Taiwan"},{"name":"Women\u2019s Health & Maternal-Newborn Nursing Program, School of Nursing, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4381-9564","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sheng-Mou","family":"Hsiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, Banqiao, New Taipei 220, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine and the Hospital, Taipei 100, Taiwan"},{"name":"Graduate School of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Yuan Ze University, Taoyuan 320, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5143-9932","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cheng-Fang","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Second Degree Bachelor of Science, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Nursing, National Taiwan University Hospital, Yunlin Branch, Yunlin 640, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chien-Nan","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine and the Hospital, Taipei 100, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yi-Wen","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Women\u2019s Health & Maternal-Newborn Nursing Program, School of Nursing, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Da-Wei","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shiow-Ru","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Nursing, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Nursing, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 100, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.20798","article-title":"An International Urogynecological Association (IUGA)\/International Continence Society (ICS) joint report on the terminology for female pelvic floor dysfunction","volume":"29","author":"Haylen","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neurourol. 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