{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,21]],"date-time":"2026-07-21T16:35:13Z","timestamp":1784651713848,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,4]],"date-time":"2022-03-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1646352000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004663","name":"Ministry of Science and Technology of Taiwan","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MOST 105-2629-B-002-004"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MOST 105-2629-B-002-004"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004663","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Medicina"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background and Objectives: The living environment can manifest physiological responses in humans, with cohabiting couples often having similar health statuses. The aim of this study was to (1) examine the prevalence of the overactive bladder (OAB) with or without incontinence and (2) identify associated factors for OAB with and without incontinence (including environmental factors, such as living with a partner who has OAB) in middle-aged women. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire Overactive Bladder (ICIQ-OBA) was administered to 970 couples. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, chi-square analyses, and multivariate logistic regression. Results: Responses to the ICIQ-OBA among middle-aged women generated a higher prevalence of OAB with incontinence (OABwet; 41%) than OAB without incontinence (OABdry; 26%; p &lt; 0.001). The factors associated with OABwet were as follows: being age \u2265 55 years (odds ratio [OR], 1.41; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.02\u20131.95), having a body mass index (BMI) \u2265 27 kg\/m2 (OR, 1.50; 95% CI, 1.03\u20132.17), having vaginitis (OR, 1.89; 95% CI, 1.28\u20132.80), and having partners with OABwet (OR, 2.35; 95% CI, 1.74\u20133.19). Having partners with OABdry (OR, 1.81; 95% CI, 1.34\u20132.44) was an associated factor for OABdry. Conclusions: This study identified the associated factors for OAB subtypes (OABwet and OABdry) in middle-aged women. These findings can support treatment and preventive strategies for health providers who care for patients with OAB. As part of the treatment and preventative strategies, the risk that partners may introduce to the development of OAB in women should also be considered.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina58030383","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,6]],"date-time":"2022-03-06T20:40:02Z","timestamp":1646599202000},"page":"383","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Prevalence of and Associated Factors for Overactive Bladder Subtypes in Middle-Aged Women: A Cross-Sectional Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"58","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5143-9932","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cheng-Fang","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Second Degree Bachelor of Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Nursing, National Taiwan University Hospital, Yunlin Branch, Yunlin 640, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chao-Yuan","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Urology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 100, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shu-Yi","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Loretto Heights School of Nursing, Regis University, Denver, CO 80221, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shiow-Ru","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Nursing, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Nursing, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 100, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1448","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.21072","article-title":"Prevalence, risk factors, and impact on health related quality of life of overactive bladder in China","volume":"30","author":"Wang","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neurourol. 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