{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,6]],"date-time":"2026-02-06T22:55:41Z","timestamp":1770418541364,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,17]],"date-time":"2022-04-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1650153600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Medicina"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) is a viral disease characterized by progressive damage or inflammation of the cerebral white matter that can be encountered in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). There are cases of PML caused by pharmacological agents including natalizumab. Therefore, in patients treated with this drug, early identification of PML allows changes in the treatment plan, reducing the risks of morbidity and mortality. Case presentation: We reported the case of a 57-year-old female diagnosed with relapsing-remitting MS, who presented with PML related to natalizumab. The patient presented with change in behavioral, radiological abnormalities in the left parieto-temporal lobes. We described the longitudinal course of PML, from the diagnosis until the patient\u2019s death, documenting the progressive deterioration of her cognitive functioning, supported by changes on sequential brain scans and neurophysiological data. Conclusion: The neuropsychological impairment documented in this case study expands the range of treatment-related complications associated with natalizumab, and provides evidence that occurrence of \u201catypical\u201d cognitive deficits in MS may support the early diagnosis of PML.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina58040551","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,19]],"date-time":"2022-04-19T01:03:01Z","timestamp":1650330181000},"page":"551","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Neuropsychological Disability in the Case of Natalizumab-Related Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"58","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8027-6098","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Viviana","family":"Lo Buono","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"IRCCS Centro Neurolesi Bonino Pulejo, 98100 Messina, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Giangaetano","family":"D\u2019Aleo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IRCCS Centro Neurolesi Bonino Pulejo, 98100 Messina, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Simona","family":"Cammaroto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IRCCS Centro Neurolesi Bonino Pulejo, 98100 Messina, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7509-3833","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria Cristina","family":"De Cola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IRCCS Centro Neurolesi Bonino Pulejo, 98100 Messina, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Francesca","family":"Palmese","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Azienda ULSS Marca Trevigiana, Ospedale C\u00e0 Foncello, 31100 Treviso, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chiara","family":"Smorto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IRCCS Centro Neurolesi Bonino Pulejo, 98100 Messina, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Silvia","family":"Marino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IRCCS Centro Neurolesi Bonino Pulejo, 98100 Messina, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Giuseppe","family":"Venuti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IRCCS Centro Neurolesi Bonino Pulejo, 98100 Messina, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Edoardo","family":"Sessa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IRCCS Centro Neurolesi Bonino Pulejo, 98100 Messina, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carmela","family":"Rifici","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IRCCS Centro Neurolesi Bonino Pulejo, 98100 Messina, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4862-3832","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francesco","family":"Corallo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IRCCS Centro Neurolesi Bonino Pulejo, 98100 Messina, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"961","DOI":"10.1007\/s13311-017-0570-7","article-title":"Diagnosis and Treatment of Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy Associated with Multiple Sclerosis Therapies","volume":"14","author":"Williamson","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neurotherapeutics"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa051782","article-title":"Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy Complicating Treatment with Natalizumab and Interferon Beta-1a for Multiple Sclerosis","volume":"353","author":"Tyler","year":"2005","journal-title":"N. 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