{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T03:01:54Z","timestamp":1760151714395,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,18]],"date-time":"2022-04-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1650240000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008005","name":"Yonsei University College of Medicine","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["6-2019-0184"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["6-2019-0184"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008005","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003710","name":"Korea Health Industry Development Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["HI14C1324"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HI14C1324"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003710","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Medicina"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background and objectives: Anti-citrullinated peptide antibody (ACPA), a characteristic antibody detected in rheumatoid arthritis, could be linked to antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (AAV) via the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps. We investigated the rate of ACPA positivity in patients with AAV and evaluated the association of ACPAs with their clinical features and outcomes. Materials and Methods: A total of 168 AAV patients with both ACPA and ANCA results at diagnosis were identified. Clinical and laboratory variables, including the disease-specific indices of Birmingham Vasculitis Activity Score (BVAS) and Five-Factor Score (FFS), were investigated. All-cause mortality, relapse, and end-stage renal disease, as well as interstitial lung disease (ILD) were evaluated as outcomes of the patients, and the Kaplan\u2013Meier survival analysis was used to compare the event-free survival rates of the groups. Results: Fifteen (8.9%) and 135 (80.4%) patients were positive for ACPA and ANCA, respectively. There were no significant differences in the baseline variables of ACPA-negative and ACPA-positive patients. The absolute titre of ACPAs also did not significantly correlate with BVAS, FFS, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, or C-reactive protein. In addition, there was no difference noted regarding overall, relapse-free, and ESRD-free survival rates between ACPA-negative and ACPA-positive AAV patients. However, when the patients were divided into four groups according to ACPA and ANCA status, differences were present in the outcomes, and the ACPA-positive ANCA-positive group exhibited the lowest cumulative relapse-free survival rate, while no significant difference was present in the relapse between the ANCA-positive ANCA-positive, ACPA-positive ANCA-negative, and ACPA-negative ANCA-positive groups. Finally, the cumulative ILD-free survival rates were comparable between ACPA-positive and ACPA-negative AAV patients. Conclusions: The detection of ACPA expression is not uncommon in AAV. However, the presence of ACPA did not influence patients\u2019 basal characteristics and outcomes, suggesting that further exploration of the role of this antibody is needed in patients with AAV.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina58040558","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,19]],"date-time":"2022-04-19T01:03:01Z","timestamp":1650330181000},"page":"558","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Anti-Citrullinated Peptide Antibody Expression and Its Association with Clinical Features and Outcomes in Patients with Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody-Associated Vasculitis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"58","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9002-9880","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sung Soo","family":"Ahn","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yongin 16995, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jung Yoon","family":"Pyo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0662-7704","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jasong Jungsik","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea"},{"name":"Institute for Immunology and Immunological Diseases, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yong-Beom","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea"},{"name":"Institute for Immunology and Immunological Diseases, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8038-3341","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sang-Won","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea"},{"name":"Institute for Immunology and Immunological Diseases, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"818","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.accounts.9b00024","article-title":"Protein Arginine Deiminases (PADs): Biochemistry and Chemical Biology of Protein Citrullination","volume":"52","author":"Mondal","year":"2019","journal-title":"Acc. 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