{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,8]],"date-time":"2026-07-08T16:52:47Z","timestamp":1783529567216,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,19]],"date-time":"2022-05-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1652918400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Medicina"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background and objectives: The prevalence of type 2 diabetes in Saudi Arabia is high and rising steeply. However, the management of type 2 diabetic patients has largely employed a medical approach and ignored the self-care management approach. This observation has even been obscured further by the COVID-19 pandemic, which has affected the psychological health of these patients. This study aimed to understand the effects of psychological health and DSM on type 2 diabetic patients in the Jazan region during COVID-19. Materials and methods: An analytical cross-sectional study was employed in this study. Participants were type 2 diabetic patients from the diabetic center at Jazan, Saudi Arabia. The Arabic-translated version of the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) and Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale (GAD-7) were used to collect data. Data were analyzed using SPSS software. Results: Depression and anxiety were higher in females compared to males and were more reported by participants from urban compared to rural settings. Smoking and Khat chewing were inappropriate diabetic self-care management practices while exercising was appropriate. A negative correlation was observed between depression vs. health care utilization, and depression vs. diabetic self-care management. Anxiety results also showed similar findings to that of depression. Additionally, depression and anxiety were easily predicted by urban residence, and diabetic self-care management was predicted by exercise. Conclusions: Adequate self-care behavior in patients with type 2 diabetes is needed. Medical professionals should ensure improved efforts to accurately ascertain how an individual can implement the recommended lifestyle changes and facilitate self-care education.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina58050675","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,20]],"date-time":"2022-05-20T00:18:11Z","timestamp":1653005891000},"page":"675","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Psychological Health and Diabetes Self-Management among Patients with Type 2 Diabetes during COVID-19 in the Southwest of Saudi Arabia"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"58","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2199-9509","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abdulrhman H.","family":"Alkhormi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Preventive Medicine, King Fahd Central Hospital, Ministry of Health, Jazan 84211, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3155-6381","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohamed Salih","family":"Mahfouz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Family and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan 82911, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2163-004X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Najim Z.","family":"Alshahrani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Jeddah, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abdulrahman","family":"Hummadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jazan Diabetes and Endocrine Center, Ministry of Health, Jazan 82723, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wali A.","family":"Hakami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jazan Diabetes and Endocrine Center, Ministry of Health, Jazan 82723, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Doha H.","family":"Alattas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jazan Diabetes and Endocrine Center, Ministry of Health, Jazan 82723, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hassan Q.","family":"Alhafaf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jazan Diabetes and Endocrine Center, Ministry of Health, Jazan 82723, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leena E.","family":"Kardly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jazan Diabetes and Endocrine Center, Ministry of Health, Jazan 82723, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mulook A.","family":"Mashhoor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jazan Diabetes and Endocrine Center, Ministry of Health, Jazan 82723, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"7","article-title":"The Prevalence and Risk Factors of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ( DMT2 ) in a Semi-Urban Saudi Population","volume":"17","author":"Abdullah","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. 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