{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,19]],"date-time":"2026-02-19T09:54:25Z","timestamp":1771494865967,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,15]],"date-time":"2022-06-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1655251200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Medicina"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background and Objectives: The Japanese herbal medicine Yokukansan (YKS) has analgesic properties and is used for various pain disorders. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects of YKS in Hunner-type interstitial cystitis (HIC) using an experimental rat model of HIC and to explore its antioxidant activity and role as the underlying mechanism of action. Materials and Methods: The antioxidant capacity of YKS was evaluated by determining its hydroxyl radical (\u00b7OH) scavenging capacity using electron spin resonance (ESR). Next, the effects of YKS administration were explored using a toll-like receptor-7 agonist-induced rat model of HIC. The von Frey test was performed to assess bladder pain. Three days after HIC induction, the bladder was removed, and the expression of oxidative stress parameters in the bladder wall was investigated (reactive oxygen metabolites (ROMs), \u00b7OH, and 8-hydroxy-2\u2019-deoxyguanosine (8-OhdG)). Results: YKS had a \u00b7OH scavenging capacity according to the ESR study. In the von Frey test, a significant decrease in the withdrawal threshold was observed in the HIC group compared with the control group; however, the decrease was ameliorated by the administration of YKS. Oxidative stress parameters showed increasing tendencies (ROMs test and 8-OHdG) or a significant increase (\u00b7OH) in the HIC group compared with the control group; however, the increase was significantly suppressed by the administration of YKS. Conclusions: These findings suggest that YKS is effective against HIC and that its antioxidant activity is involved in the mechanism of action.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina58060810","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,16]],"date-time":"2022-06-16T03:01:22Z","timestamp":1655348482000},"page":"810","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["The Japanese Herbal Medicine Yokukansan Exerted Antioxidant and Analgesic Effects in an Experimental Rat Model of Hunner-Type Interstitial Cystitis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"58","author":[{"given":"Tatsuki","family":"Inoue","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Showa University, Tokyo 142-8555, Japan"},{"name":"Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Showa University, Tokyo 142-8666, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6761-8804","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mana","family":"Tsukada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Showa University, Tokyo 142-8555, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yoshiki","family":"Tsunokawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Showa University, Tokyo 142-8555, Japan"},{"name":"Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Showa University, Tokyo 142-8666, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yoshiko","family":"Maeda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Showa University, Tokyo 142-8666, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Seiya","family":"Fukuoka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Showa University, Tokyo 142-8555, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Takashi","family":"Fukagai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Showa University, Tokyo 142-8666, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yoshio","family":"Ogawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Showa University, Tokyo 142-8666, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7621-2024","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Masataka","family":"Sunagawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Showa University, Tokyo 142-8555, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"578","DOI":"10.1111\/iju.14234","article-title":"Clinical guidelines for interstitial cystitis\/bladder pain syndrome","volume":"27","author":"Homma","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. 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