{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]],"date-time":"2026-03-25T09:49:22Z","timestamp":1774432162118,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,25]],"date-time":"2022-08-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1661385600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Medicina"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background and Objectives: Posterior compartment prolapse is associated with constipation and obstructed defecation syndrome. However, there is still a lack of consensus on the optimal treatment for this condition. We aim to investigate functional, anatomical, and quality-of-life outcomes of native tissue transvaginal repair of isolated symptomatic rectocele. Materials and Methods: We retrospective analyzed patients who underwent transvaginal native tissue repair for stage \u2265 II and symptomatic posterior vaginal wall prolapse between January 2018 and June 2021. Anatomical and functional outcomes were evaluated. Wexner constipation score was used to assess bowel symptoms, while the Patient Global Impression of Improvement (PGI-I) score was used to evaluate subjective satisfaction after surgery. Results: Twenty-eight patients were included in the analysis. The median age was 64.5 years, and half of them underwent a previous hysterectomy for benign reasons. The median follow-up time was 33.5 months. A significant anatomical improvement in the posterior compartment was noticed compared with preoperative assessment (p &lt; 0.001 for Ap and Bp), with only two (7.1%) anatomical recurrences. Additionally, obstructed defecation symptoms decreased significantly compared to baseline (p &lt; 0.001), as well as vaginal bulging, with no new-onset cases of fecal incontinence or de novo dyspareunia. PGI-I resulted in 89.2% of patients being satisfied (PGI-I \u2265 2), with a median score of 1.5. Conclusions: Transvaginal native tissue repair for isolated posterior prolapse is safe and effective in managing bowel symptoms, with excellent anatomical and functional outcomes and satisfactory improvement in patients\u2019 quality of life.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina58091152","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,25]],"date-time":"2022-08-25T01:50:26Z","timestamp":1661392226000},"page":"1152","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Native Tissue Posterior Compartment Repair for Isolated Posterior Vaginal Prolapse: Anatomical and Functional Outcomes"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"58","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3998-5065","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giuseppe","family":"Marino","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Milano-Bicocca University, 20900 Monza, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3952-8462","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matteo","family":"Frigerio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ASST Monza, 20900 Monza, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marta","family":"Barba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Milano-Bicocca University, 20900 Monza, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tomaso","family":"Melocchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Milano-Bicocca University, 20900 Monza, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Desir\u00e8e","family":"De Vicari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Milano-Bicocca University, 20900 Monza, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4877-0640","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrea","family":"Braga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"EOC-Beata Vergine Hospital, 6850 Mendrisio, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maurizio","family":"Serati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ASST Sette Laghi, 21100 Varese, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Umberto","family":"Leone Roberti Maggiore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Dei Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alessandro","family":"Ruffolo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"San Raffaele Hospital, 20132 Milano, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stefano","family":"Salvatore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"San Raffaele Hospital, 20132 Milano, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4456-0822","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stefano","family":"Uccella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"AOUI Verona, University of Verona, 37129 Verona, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6322-607X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mattia","family":"Dominoni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marco","family":"Torella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Campania \u201cLuigi Vanvitelli\u201d, 80138 Napoli, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"655","DOI":"10.1007\/s00192-016-3003-y","article-title":"An International Urogynecological Association (IUGA)\/International Continence Society (ICS) joint report on the terminology for female pelvic organ prolapse (POP)","volume":"27","author":"Haylen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int. 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