{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T01:37:33Z","timestamp":1792028253583,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,5]],"date-time":"2022-09-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1662336000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Medicina"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background and Objectives: Cervical cancer is a leading cause of mortality among women. Chemo-radiation followed by interventional radiotherapy (IRT) is the standard of care for stage IB\u2013IVA FIGO. Several studies have shown that image-guided adaptive IRT resulted in excellent local and pelvic control, but it is associated with vaginal toxicity and intercourse problems. The purpose of this review is to evaluate the dysfunctions of the sexual sphere in patients with cervical cancer undergoing different cervix cancer treatments. Materials and Methods: We performed a comprehensive literature search using Pub med, Scopus and Cochrane to identify all the full articles evaluating the dysfunctions of the sexual sphere. ClinicalTrials.gov was searched for ongoing or recently completed trials, and PROSPERO was searched for ongoing or recently completed systematic reviews. Results: One thousand three hundred fifty-six women included in five studies published from 2016 to 2022 were analyzed. The median age was 50 years (range 46\u201356 years). The median follow-up was 12 months (range 0\u201360). Cervical cancer diagnosis and treatment (radiotherapy, chemotherapy and surgery) negatively affected sexual intercourse. Sexual symptoms such as fibrosis, strictures, decreased elasticity and depth and mucosal atrophy promote sexual dysfunction by causing frigidity, lack of lubrication, arousal, orgasm and libido and dyspareunia. Conclusions: Physical, physiological and social factors all contribute to the modification of the sexual sphere. Cervical cancer survivors who were irradiated have lower sexual and vaginal function than the normal population. Although there are cures for reducing discomfort, effective communication about sexual dysfunctions following treatment is essential.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina58091223","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,6]],"date-time":"2022-09-06T22:33:01Z","timestamp":1662503581000},"page":"1223","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":44,"title":["Assessment of Sexual Dysfunction in Cervical Cancer Patients after Different Treatment Modality: A Systematic Review"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"58","author":[{"given":"Francesco","family":"Tramacere","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"S.C. Radioterapia, ASLBR Ospedale \u201cA. Perrino\u201d Brindisi, 72100 Brindisi, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3507-7051","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Valentina","family":"Lancellotta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UOC Radioterapia Oncologica, Dipartimento di Diagnostica per Immagini, Radioterapia Oncologica ed Ematologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario \u201cA. Gemelli\u201d IRCCS, 00128 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5785-0549","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Calogero","family":"Cas\u00e0","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UOC Radioterapia Oncologica, Dipartimento di Diagnostica per Immagini, Radioterapia Oncologica ed Ematologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario \u201cA. Gemelli\u201d IRCCS, 00128 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3368-1810","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bruno","family":"Fionda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UOC Radioterapia Oncologica, Dipartimento di Diagnostica per Immagini, Radioterapia Oncologica ed Ematologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario \u201cA. Gemelli\u201d IRCCS, 00128 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patrizia","family":"Cornacchione","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UOC Radioterapia Oncologica, Dipartimento di Diagnostica per Immagini, Radioterapia Oncologica ed Ematologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario \u201cA. Gemelli\u201d IRCCS, 00128 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ciro","family":"Mazzarella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UOC Radioterapia Oncologica, Dipartimento di Diagnostica per Immagini, Radioterapia Oncologica ed Ematologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario \u201cA. Gemelli\u201d IRCCS, 00128 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7408-0435","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rosa Pasqualina","family":"De Vincenzo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Woman and Child Health and Public Health, Woman Health Area, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00128 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0529-201X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gabriella","family":"Macchia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Radiation Oncology Unit, Gemelli Molise Hospital, Universit\u00e0 Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 86100 Campobasso, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8012-4510","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Martina","family":"Ferioli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Radiation Oncology Center, Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine-DIMES, University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7832-334X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Angeles","family":"Rovirosa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology, Hospital Clinic Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Fonaments Clinics Department, Faculty of Medicine, Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria Antonietta","family":"Gambacorta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UOC Radioterapia Oncologica, Dipartimento di Diagnostica per Immagini, Radioterapia Oncologica ed Ematologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario \u201cA. Gemelli\u201d IRCCS, 00128 Rome, Italy"},{"name":"Istituto di Radiologia, Universit\u00e0 Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00128 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cesare","family":"Colosimo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Istituto di Radiologia, Universit\u00e0 Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00128 Rome, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Radiological Sciences, School of Medicine, Catholic University, 00128 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vincenzo","family":"Valentini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UOC Radioterapia Oncologica, Dipartimento di Diagnostica per Immagini, Radioterapia Oncologica ed Ematologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario \u201cA. Gemelli\u201d IRCCS, 00128 Rome, Italy"},{"name":"Istituto di Radiologia, Universit\u00e0 Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00128 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2791-481X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Roberto","family":"Iezzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Istituto di Radiologia, Universit\u00e0 Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00128 Rome, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Radiological Sciences, School of Medicine, Catholic University, 00128 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2308-0982","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luca","family":"Tagliaferri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UOC Radioterapia Oncologica, Dipartimento di Diagnostica per Immagini, Radioterapia Oncologica ed Ematologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario \u201cA. Gemelli\u201d IRCCS, 00128 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization (WHO) (2022, May 05). Guideline for Screening and Treatment of Cervical Pre-Cancer Lesions for Cervical Cancer Prevention, Second Edition: Use of mRNA Tests for Human Papillomavirus (HPV), Available online: https:\/\/www.who.int\/publications\/i\/item\/9789240040434."},{"key":"ref_2","unstructured":"(2022, May 05). NCCN: National Comprensive Cancer Network Cervical Cancer Versione 1. 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