{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,6]],"date-time":"2026-02-06T04:14:02Z","timestamp":1770351242180,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,6]],"date-time":"2022-10-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1665014400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Hellenic and international Society of Molecular targeted and Personalized Treatments"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Medicina"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background and Objectives: Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a highly heterogeneous subtype that is associated with unresponsiveness to therapy and hence with high mortality rates. In this study we aimed to investigate the prognostic role of the rs822336 G&gt;C and rs822337 T&gt;A polymorphisms of the PD-L1 (Programmed Death-Ligand 1) in TNBC patients. Materials and methods: Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues from 114 TNBC patients and blood samples from 124 healthy donors were genotyped, and subsequently extensive statistical analysis was performed in order to investigate the clinical value of these polymorphism in TNBC. Results: Regarding rs822336 G&gt;C, we found that the CG genotype was the most common among women that harbored Stage IV breast tumors (81.8%; p = 0.022), recurred (38.9%; p = 0.02) and died (66.7%; p = 0.04). Similarly, the rs822337 T&gt;A genotype AA is associated with worse prognosis, since it was the most common genotype among stage IV tumors (72.7%; p = 0.04) and in TNBC patients that relapsed (75%; p = 0.021) and died (81.5%; p = 0.004). Our statistical analysis revealed that the rs822336 G&gt;C genotype CG and the rs822337 T&gt;A allele AA are strongly associated with inferior DFS and OS intervals. Moreover, it was revealed that women harboring mutated genotypes of both SNPs had shorter disease-free (Kaplan\u2013Meier; p = 0.037, Cox analysis; p = 0.04) and overall (Kaplan\u2013Meier; p = 0.025, Cox analysis; p = 0.03) survival compared to patients having normal genotype of at least one SNP. Multivariate analysis also showed that the presence of mutated genotypes of both SNPs is a strong and independent marker for predicting shorter DFS (p = 0.02) and OS (p = 0.008). Conclusion: Our study revealed that PD-L1 rs822336 G&gt;C and rs822337 T&gt;A polymorphisms were differentially expressed in our cohort of TNBC patients, and that this distribution was associated with markers of unfavorable prognosis and worse survival.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina58101399","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,9]],"date-time":"2022-10-09T04:00:02Z","timestamp":1665288002000},"page":"1399","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["PD-L1 Gene Polymorphisms rs822336 G&gt;C and rs822337 T&gt;A: Promising Prognostic Markers in Triple Negative Breast Cancer Patients"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"58","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8354-1544","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andreas-Evangelos","family":"Makrantonakis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Second Department of Medical Oncology, Theagenion Cancer Hospital, 546 44 Thessaloniki, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9540-7553","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eleni","family":"Zografos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Laboratory of Biology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 115 27 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3295-6811","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria","family":"Gazouli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Laboratory of Biology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 115 27 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1450-3330","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Konstantinos","family":"Dimitrakakis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Alexandra Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 115 28 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Konstantinos G.","family":"Toutouzas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1st Propaedeutic Surgical Department, Hippokrateio Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 115 27 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Constantinos G.","family":"Zografos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1st Propaedeutic Surgical Department, Hippokrateio Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 115 27 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Despoina","family":"Kalapanida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Therapeutics, Alexandra Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 115 28 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andriani","family":"Tsiakou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"First Department of Dermatology, Syggros Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 161 21 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"George","family":"Samelis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oncology, Hippocrateion Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 115 27 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Flora","family":"Zagouri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Therapeutics, Alexandra Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 115 28 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"741","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1814213","article-title":"Sacituzumab Govitecan-hziy in Refractory Metastatic Triple-Negative Breast Cancer","volume":"380","author":"Bardia","year":"2019","journal-title":"N. 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