{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,5]],"date-time":"2026-09-05T03:01:12Z","timestamp":1788577272124,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":92,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,13]],"date-time":"2022-10-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1665619200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"University of Oradea","award":["29 PFE\/30.12.2021"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["29 PFE\/30.12.2021"]}]},{"name":"Romanian Ministry of Research, Innovation, and Digitization","award":["29 PFE\/30.12.2021"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["29 PFE\/30.12.2021"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Medicina"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Spinal cord injuries (SCIs) have major consequences on the patient\u2019s health and life. Voluntary muscle paralysis caused by spinal cord damage affects the patient\u2019s independence. Following SCI, an irreversible motor and sensory deficit occurs (spasticity, muscle paralysis, atrophy, pain, gait disorders, pain). This pathology has implications on the whole organism: on the osteoarticular, muscular, cardiovascular, respiratory, gastrointestinal, genito-urinary, skin, metabolic disorders, and neuro-psychic systems. The rehabilitation process for a subject having SCIs can be considered complex, since the pathophysiological mechanism and biochemical modifications occurring at the level of spinal cord are not yet fully elucidated. This review aims at evaluating the impact of robotic-assisted rehabilitation in subjects who have suffered SCI, both in terms of regaining mobility as a major dysfunction in patients with SCI, but also in terms of improving overall fitness and cardiovascular function, respiratory function, as well as the gastrointestinal system, bone density and finally the psychosocial issues, based on multiple clinical trials, and pilot studies. The researched literature in the topic revealed that in order to increase the chances of neuro-motor recovery and to obtain satisfactory results, the combination of robotic therapy, a complex recovery treatment and specific medication is one of the best decisions. Furthermore, the use of these exoskeletons facilitates better\/greater autonomy for patients, as well as optimal social integration.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina58101447","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,13]],"date-time":"2022-10-13T22:21:11Z","timestamp":1665699671000},"page":"1447","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["The Outcomes of Robotic Rehabilitation Assisted Devices Following Spinal Cord Injury and the Prevention of Secondary Associated Complications"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"58","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6485-7180","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carmen Delia","family":"Nistor-Cseppento","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psycho Neuroscience and Recovery, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410073 Oradea, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anamaria","family":"Gherle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"President Medcenter Baile Felix, 417500 Baile Felix, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0380-3381","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicoleta","family":"Negrut","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psycho Neuroscience and Recovery, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410073 Oradea, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3236-1292","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Simona Gabriela","family":"Bungau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Doctoral School of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, University of Oradea, 410087 Oradea, Romania"},{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410028 Oradea, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anca Maria","family":"Sabau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Education, Sport and Physical Therapy, Faculty of Geography, Tourism and Sport, University of Oradea, 410087 Oradea, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7625-8177","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrei-Flavius","family":"Radu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Doctoral School of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, University of Oradea, 410087 Oradea, Romania"},{"name":"Department of Preclinical Disciplines, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410073 Oradea, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexa Florina","family":"Bungau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Doctoral School of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, University of Oradea, 410087 Oradea, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0296-6592","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Delia Mirela","family":"Tit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Doctoral School of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, University of Oradea, 410087 Oradea, Romania"},{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410028 Oradea, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bogdan","family":"Uivaraseanu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Doctoral School of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, University of Oradea, 410087 Oradea, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8981-1958","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Timea Claudia","family":"Ghitea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410028 Oradea, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Diana","family":"Uivarosan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Preclinical Disciplines, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410073 Oradea, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.5312\/wjo.v6.i1.8","article-title":"Rehabilitation of spinal cord injuries","volume":"6","author":"Nas","year":"2015","journal-title":"World J. 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