{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T00:49:58Z","timestamp":1787791798386,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,7]],"date-time":"2022-11-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1667779200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Beijing Key Clinical Specialty Project","award":["20201214"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20201214"]}]},{"name":"Beijing Key Clinical Specialty Project","award":["2020-2-1042"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020-2-1042"]}]},{"name":"Beijing Key Clinical Specialty Project","award":["KM202010025001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KM202010025001"]}]},{"name":"Capital Medical Development Special Foundation","award":["20201214"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20201214"]}]},{"name":"Capital Medical Development Special Foundation","award":["2020-2-1042"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020-2-1042"]}]},{"name":"Capital Medical Development Special Foundation","award":["KM202010025001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KM202010025001"]}]},{"name":"Scientific Research Project of Beijing Educational Committee","award":["20201214"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20201214"]}]},{"name":"Scientific Research Project of Beijing Educational Committee","award":["2020-2-1042"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020-2-1042"]}]},{"name":"Scientific Research Project of Beijing Educational Committee","award":["KM202010025001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KM202010025001"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Medicina"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background and Objective: This study was performed to investigate the association of peripheral T lymphocyte subsets with disseminated infection (DI) by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) in HIV-negative patients. Methods and Materials: The study included 587 HIV-negative tuberculosis (TB) patients. Results: In TB patients with DI, the proportion of CD4+ T cells decreased, the proportion of CD8+ T cells increased, and the ratio of CD4+\/CD8+ T cells decreased. According to univariate analysis, smoking, alcohol consumption, rifampicin-resistance, retreatment, and high sputum bacterial load were linked to lower likelihood of developing MTB dissemination. Multivariate analysis indicated that after adjustment for alcohol use, smoking, retreatment, smear, culture, rifampicin-resistance, and CD4+\/CD8+, the proportion of CD8+ T cells (but not CD4+ T cells) was independently and positively associated with the prevalence of DI in HIV-negative pulmonary TB (PTB) patients. Conclusions: Examining T lymphocyte subsets is of great value for evaluating the immune function of HIV-negative TB patients, and an increase in the CD8+ T cell proportion may be a critical clue regarding the cause of DI in such patients.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina58111606","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,8]],"date-time":"2022-11-08T12:45:47Z","timestamp":1667911547000},"page":"1606","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["The Association of Peripheral T Lymphocyte Subsets Disseminated Infection by Mycobacterium Tuberculosis in HIV-Negative Patients: A Retrospective Observational Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"58","author":[{"given":"Qiao","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bacteriology and Immunology, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 101149, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4154-9003","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shengsheng","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Tuberculosis, Anhui Chest Hospital, Hefei 230022, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaomeng","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bacteriology and Immunology, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 101149, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ruifang","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bacteriology and Immunology, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 101149, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chen","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bacteriology and Immunology, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 101149, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiajia","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bacteriology and Immunology, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 101149, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenhong","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Tuberculosis, Anhui Chest Hospital, Hefei 230022, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yi","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bacteriology and Immunology, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 101149, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cong","family":"Yao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bacteriology and Immunology, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 101149, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu","family":"Pang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bacteriology and Immunology, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 101149, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaowei","family":"Dai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing 100035, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chuanyou","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bacteriology and Immunology, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 101149, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shenjie","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Multidisciplinary Diagnosis and Treatment Centre for Tuberculosis, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute\/Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 101149, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization (2022, August 30). 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